tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-383851552012-01-29T11:08:19.304+08:00Chau Chee Yang Technical BlogChau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.comBlogger1131100tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-19579555301436855242011-12-02T13:55:00.001+08:002011-12-02T13:55:10.729+08:00iPXE: Boot iPXE Linux kernel via PXELinux<p>iPXE Linux kernel (ipxe.lkrn) may chain loaded by PXELinux:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">default boot label boot kernel ipxe<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>lkrn</pre> <p>Both iPXE firmware (undionly.kpxe) or iPXE kernel image (ipxe.lkrn) has same functions.&nbsp; All usage of iPXE commands / scripts remain the same for both firmware and kernel.</p> <h1>Problem with Dell Vostro notebook</h1> <p>All the time I use PC with iPXE firmware (undionly.kpxe) with WinPE and SanBoot without problem.&nbsp; If I boot Dell Vostro notebook with the same booting steps as PC, the WinPE or SanBoot doesn’t work at all.&nbsp; The reason remain unknown.&nbsp; Here are my booting steps:</p> <h2>Scenario A</h2> <ol> <li>Switch on machine</li> <li>DHCP –&gt; undionly.kpxe (undionly.0)</li> <li>Chain to load WinPE image</li> <li>Show blank screen after WinPE image</li></ol> <h2>Scenario B</h2> <ol> <li>Switch on machine</li> <li>DHCP –&gt; undionly.kpxe (undionly.0)</li> <li>sanboot iSCSI target</li> <li>Machine hang while booting</li></ol> <p>Both scenario A and B works fine on PC but doesn’t work on Dell Vostro notebook.</p> <p>I suspect the problem is related to:</p> <ol> <li>iPXE firmware </li> <li>Notebook network card’s firmware doesn’t work well with iPXE firmware.</li></ol> <h1>Dell Vostro notebook work with iPXE kernel</h1> <p>While trying to find solution solving the mystery problem with Dell Vostro notebook, I found that iPXE kernel works.&nbsp; I may load WinPE image or SanBoot a Windows ISCSI target with iPXE kernel chain loaded by PXELinux.</p> <ol> <li>Prepare ipxe.lkrn<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #806030">-</span>bash<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4.1</span>$ git clone git://git.ipxe.org/ipxe.git<br><span style="color: #806030">-</span>bash<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4.1</span>$ cd ipxe<span style="color: #806030"><br>-</span>bash<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4.1</span>$ <font style="background-color: #ffff00">make src/bin<span style="color: #806030">/</span>ipxe<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>lkrn</font></pre></li> <li>Copy src/bin/ipxe.lkrn to TFTP boot directory.<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">cp src<span style="color: #806030">/</span>bin<span style="color: #806030">/</span>ipxe<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>lkrn <span style="color: #806030">/</span>var<span style="color: #806030">/</span>lib<span style="color: #806030">/</span>tftpboot</font></pre></li> <li>Update dhcp configuration file: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf to prevent infinite iPXE boot when ipxe.lkrn boot:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"> if exists user<span style="color: #806030">-</span>class and option user<span style="color: #806030">-</span>class <span style="color: #806030">=</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">iPXE</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span> filename <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000"><a href="http://&lt;ip-address&gt;/boot.ipxe&quot;;">http://&lt;ip-address&gt;/boot.ipxe</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> </a> <span style="color: #806030">}</span> else <span style="color: #806030">{</span> filename <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">pxelinux.0</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> <span style="color: #806030">}</span></pre></li> <li>Load ipxe.lkrn after PXELinux boot:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># cat pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/<font color="#000000">default</font></span> default boot label boot kernel <font style="background-color: #ffff00">ipxe<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>lkrn</font></pre></li> <li>iPXE kernel will query DHCP server again, DHCP will send boot.ipxe script file via HTTP to the machine:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">#<span style="color: #806030">!</span>ipxe set <span style="color: #8c0000">209</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>string <font style="background-color: #ffff00">pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/<font color="#000000">boot</font></span></font> set <span style="color: #8c0000">210</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>string <span style="color: #5555dd"><a href="http://&lt;ip-address&gt;/chain">http://&lt;ip-address&gt;/</span> chain</a> $<span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">210</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>string<span style="color: #806030">}</span>pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span></pre></li> <li>boot.ipxe will chain load pxelinux.0 with new configuration file: pxelinux.cfg/boot:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># cat <font style="background-color: #ffff00">pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/</span>boot</font> default menu<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>c32 prompt <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span> LABEL boot<span style="color: #806030">_</span>local menu label <span style="color: #806030">^</span>Boot Local System menu default localboot <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span> timeout <span style="color: #8c0000">50</span> LABEL boot<span style="color: #806030">_</span>san menu label Boot <span style="color: #806030">^</span>Storage Area Network com32 syslinux<span style="color: #806030">/</span>gpxecmd<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>c32 append <font style="background-color: #ffff00">sanboot <span style="color: #5555dd"><font color="#cc3300">iscsi:&lt;iscsi-host&gt;::::iqn.example.com:win7</font><a href="http://&lt;ip-address&gt;/sanboot.ipxeLABEL"></span></font> LABEL</a> WINDOWS<span style="color: #806030">_</span>PE menu label <span style="color: #806030">^</span>Windows Preinstallation Exnvironment kernel <font style="background-color: #ffff00">windows<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>pe<span style="color: #806030">/</span>pxeboot<span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span></font></pre></li> <li>Both SanBoot and Window PE image works with Dell Vostro notebook now.</li></ol> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-1957955530143685524?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-45978050760759425222011-12-02T12:16:00.001+08:002011-12-02T12:16:48.905+08:00WAIK: Add Microsoft iSCSI service to WinPE<p>Microsoft iSCSI service allow user to connect to iSCSI target on SAN device.&nbsp; The default WINPE image doesn’t support iSCSI service.&nbsp; This topic shows how to add iSCSI service to WinPE image.&nbsp; Once added, you may connect to iSCSI target after boot into WinPE environment.</p> <h1>Add iSCSI service files to WinPE image</h1> <ol> <li>Start WAIK deployment Tools command prompt in privilege mode</li> <li>Mount an WinPE image file in RW mode:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><font style="background-color: #ffff00">imagex <span style="color: #806030">/</span>mountrw winpe<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>wim 1 mount</font></pre></li> <li>Copy the following files into mounted winpe’s “&lt;mount&gt;\windows\system32” folder:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsicli<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>exe Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsicpl<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>exe Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsicpl<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dll Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsidsc<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dll Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsied<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dll Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsiexe<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dll Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsilog<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dll Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsium<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dll Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsiwmi<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dll Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Drivers<span style="color: #806030">\</span>msiscsi<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>sys Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>en<span style="color: #806030">-</span>us<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsicli<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>exe<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>mui Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>en<span style="color: #806030">-</span>us<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsicpl<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dll<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>mui Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>en<span style="color: #806030">-</span>us<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsicpl<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>exe<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>mui Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>en<span style="color: #806030">-</span>us<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsidsc<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dll<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>mui Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>en<span style="color: #806030">-</span>us<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsiexe<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dll<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>mui Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>en<span style="color: #806030">-</span>us<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iscsilog<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dll<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>mui</pre></li></ol> <h1>Update WinPE registry hive</h1> <ol> <li>Start RegEdit.exe in privilege mode</li> <li>Select “HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE”, and click File | Load Hive… to load hive file: <font style="background-color: #ffff00">&lt;mount&gt;\windows\system32\config\SYSTEM</font>.&nbsp; Use <font style="background-color: #ffff00">PE_Sys</font> as hive key name.</li> <li>Select “HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE”, and click File | Load Hive… to load hive file: <font style="background-color: #ffff00">&lt;mount&gt;\windows\system32\config\SOFTWARE</font>. Use <font style="background-color: #ffff00">PE_Software</font> as hive key name.</li> <li>The HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE should have 2 hive loaded as follow:<br><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-wEDJDFi-Vos/TthRFiGzChI/AAAAAAAAAzw/vOQkvExHX9I/s1600-h/Windows%2525207%252520x64%252520WAIK-2011-12-02-11-57-28%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="Windows 7 x64 WAIK-2011-12-02-11-57-28" border="0" alt="Windows 7 x64 WAIK-2011-12-02-11-57-28" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-LioXrFwC-Fk/TthRGZ9RUzI/AAAAAAAAAz0/A1hyz1FRH6s/Windows%2525207%252520x64%252520WAIK-2011-12-02-11-57-28_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="340" height="350"></a></li> <li>Create a iscsi.reg file with the following content:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">Windows Registry Editor Version <span style="color: #8c0000">5.00</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Soft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Microsoft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows NT<span style="color: #806030">\</span>CurrentVersion<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Svchost<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Godzilla</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>hex<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #8c0000">7</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>4d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,43</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,49</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Soft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Microsoft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows NT<span style="color: #806030">\</span>CurrentVersion<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iSCSI<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Soft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Microsoft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows NT<span style="color: #806030">\</span>CurrentVersion<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iSCSI<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Discovery<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">AllowiSNSFirewallException</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Soft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Microsoft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows NT<span style="color: #806030">\</span>CurrentVersion<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iSCSI<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Discovery<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Authentication Cache<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Soft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Microsoft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows NT<span style="color: #806030">\</span>CurrentVersion<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iSCSI<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Discovery<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Send Targets<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Soft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Microsoft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows NT<span style="color: #806030">\</span>CurrentVersion<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iSCSI<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Discovery<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Static Targets<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Soft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Microsoft<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows NT<span style="color: #806030">\</span>CurrentVersion<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iSCSI<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Discovery<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Tunnel Address<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Enum<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Root<span style="color: #806030">\</span>LEGACY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MSISCSI<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">NextInstance</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Enum<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Root<span style="color: #806030">\</span>LEGACY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MSISCSI<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0000</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Service</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">MSiSCSI</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Legacy</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ConfigFlags</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000000</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Class</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">LegacyDriver</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ClassGUID</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">{8ECC055D-047F-11D1-A537-0000F8753ED1}</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">DeviceDesc</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">@%SystemRoot%\\system32\\iscsidsc.dll,-5000</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Enum<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Root<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ISCSIPRT<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Enum<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Root<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ISCSIPRT<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0000</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ClassGUID</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">{4d36e97b-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Class</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">SCSIAdapter</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">HardwareID</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>hex<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #8c0000">7</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">52,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>4f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>4f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,54</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>5c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,43</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,49</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,50</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ConfigFlags</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000000</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Driver</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">{4d36e97b-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}\\0000</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Mfg</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">@iscsi.inf,%msft%;Microsoft</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Service</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">iScsiPrt</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">DeviceDesc</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">@iscsi.inf,%iscsiprt%;Microsoft iSCSI Initiator</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Capabilities</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000000</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Enum<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Root<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ISCSIPRT<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0000</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>Device Parameters<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Enum<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Root<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ISCSIPRT<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0000</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>Device Parameters<span style="color: #806030">\</span>StorPort<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Enum<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Root<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ISCSIPRT<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0000</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>LogConf<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Enum<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Root<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ISCSIPRT<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0000</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>Control<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ActiveService</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">iScsiPrt</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Services<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iScsiPrt<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">DisplayName</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">iScsiPort Driver</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ImagePath</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>hex<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">73,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,79</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,33</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,32</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>5c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,44</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">52,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,49</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,56</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,45</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,52</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>5c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,63</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>2e<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,79</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ErrorControl</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Start</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000000</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Type</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Services<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iScsiPrt<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Parameters<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">BusType</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000009</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Services<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iScsiPrt<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Enum<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">0</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Root\\ISCSIPRT\\0000</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Count</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">NextInstance</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Services<span style="color: #806030">\</span>MSiSCSI<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">DisplayName</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">@%SystemRoot%\\system32\\iscsidsc.dll,-5000</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Group</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">iSCSI</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ImagePath</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>hex<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">25,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,79</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">74,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,25</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>5c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,79</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,33</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,32</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>5c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,76</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,63</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,68</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>2e<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,78</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,20</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>2d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> 6b<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,20</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6e<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,76</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,63</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Description</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">@%SystemRoot%\\system32\\iscsidsc.dll,-5001</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ObjectName</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">LocalSystem</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ErrorControl</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Start</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000002</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Type</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000020</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ServiceSidType</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">RequiredPrivileges</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>hex<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #8c0000">7</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">53,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,41</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,75</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,64</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,50</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,76</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,67</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,43</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,68</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">61,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6e<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,67</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>4e<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,66</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,79</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,50</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,76</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,67</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,43</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">61,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,47</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,62</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,61</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,50</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,76</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,67</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,43</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,61</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">74,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,50</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,61</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6e<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6e<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,50</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,76</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,67</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,49</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">70,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6e<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,61</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,50</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,76</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,67</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,54</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,63</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,62</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,50</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">72,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,76</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,67</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">FailureActionsOnNonCrashFailures</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">FailureActions</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>hex<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">50,46</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,01</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,01</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,03</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,14</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,01</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>c0<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>d4<span style="color: #8c0000">,01</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,01</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,e0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,93</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,04</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">RebootMessage</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">See Note 3 below</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">FailureCommand</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">customScript.cmd</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Services<span style="color: #806030">\</span>MSiSCSI<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Parameters<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ServiceDll</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>hex<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">25,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,79</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,25</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>5c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,79</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,33</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,32</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>5c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">69,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,63</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,78</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>2e<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,64</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ServiceDllUnloadOnStop</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Services<span style="color: #806030">\</span>MSiSCSI<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Enum<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">0</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Root\\LEGACY_MSISCSI\\0000</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Count</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">NextInstance</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Services<span style="color: #806030">\</span>MSiSCSI<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ImagePath</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>hex<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">25,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,79</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,72</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">74,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,25</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>5c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,79</span><span style="color: 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style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>2e<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,78</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,20</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>2d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> 6b<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,20</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,47</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,64</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>7a<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,61</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span> Windows Registry Editor Version <span style="color: #8c0000">5.00</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Control<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Class<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>4D36E97B<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">E325</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>11CE<span style="color: #806030">-</span>BFC1<span style="color: #806030">-</span>08002BE10318<span style="color: #806030">}</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">LegacyAdapterDetection</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000000</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Class</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">SCSIAdapter</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ClassDesc</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">@%SystemRoot%\\System32\\SysClass.Dll,-3005</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> @<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">@%SystemRoot%\\System32\\SysClass.Dll,-3005</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">IconPath</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>hex<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #8c0000">7</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">25,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,79</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,52</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6f<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">74,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,25</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>5c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,53</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,79</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,33</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,32</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>5c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,73</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,65</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,74</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,75</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,70</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,61</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,70</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,69</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>2e<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,64</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>6c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>2c<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> 2d<span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,31</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,30</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Installer32</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">SysClass.Dll,ScsiClassInstaller</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Control<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Class<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>4D36E97B<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">E325</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>11CE<span style="color: #806030">-</span>BFC1<span style="color: #806030">-</span>08002BE10318<span style="color: #806030">}</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0000</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">InfPath</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">iscsi.inf</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">InfSection</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">iScsiPort_Install_Control</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ProviderName</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Microsoft</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">DriverDateData</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>hex<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00,80</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>8c<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>a3<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>c5<span style="color: #8c0000">,94</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>c6<span style="color: #8c0000">,01</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">DriverDate</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">6-21-2006</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">DriverVersion</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">6.0.6000.16386</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">MatchingDeviceId</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">root\\iscsiprt</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">DriverDesc</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Microsoft iSCSI Initiator</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">EnumPropPages32</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">iscsipp.dll,iSCSIPropPageProvider</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Control<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Class<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>4D36E97B<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">E325</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>11CE<span style="color: #806030">-</span>BFC1<span style="color: #806030">-</span>08002BE10318<span style="color: #806030">}</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0000</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>Parameters<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">TCPConnectTime</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span>0000000f <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">TCPDisconnectTime</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span>0000000f <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">WMIRequestTimeout</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span>0000001e <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">DelayBetweenReconnect</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000005</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">MaxPendingRequests</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span>000000ff <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">EnableNOPOut</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000000</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">MaxTransferLength</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00040000</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">MaxBurstLength</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00040000</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">FirstBurstLength</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00010000</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">MaxRecvDataSegmentLength</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00010000</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">MaxConnectionRetries</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span>ffffffff <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">MaxRequestHoldTime</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span>0000003c <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">LinkDownTime</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span>0000000f <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">IPSecConfigTimeout</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span>0000003c <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">InitialR2T</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000000</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ImmediateData</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000001</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">ErrorRecoveryLevel</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000002</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">PortalRetryCount</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000005</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">NetworkReadyRetryCount</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span>0000000a <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">SrbTimeoutDelta</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span>0000000f <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Control<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Class<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>4D36E97B<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">E325</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>11CE<span style="color: #806030">-</span>BFC1<span style="color: #806030">-</span>08002BE10318<span style="color: #806030">}</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0000</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>PersistentTargets<span style="color: #806030">]</span> @<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>HKEY<span style="color: #806030">_</span>LOCAL<span style="color: #806030">_</span>MACHINE<span style="color: #806030">\</span>PE<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Sys<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ControlSet001<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Control<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Class<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>4D36E97B<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">E325</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>11CE<span style="color: #806030">-</span>BFC1<span style="color: #806030">-</span>08002BE10318<span style="color: #806030">}</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>Properties<span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">DeviceType</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000004</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">DeviceCharacteristics</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>dword<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">00000100</span> <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">Security</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>hex<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">01,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,04</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,90</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,14</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,02</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,34</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,02</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,14</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>ff<span style="color: #8c0000">,01</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>1f<span style="color: #8c0000">,10</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,01</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,01</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,05</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,12</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,18</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>ff<span style="color: #8c0000">,01</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>1f<span style="color: #8c0000">,10</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,01</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,02</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,05</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,20</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,20</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,02</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,00</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">00</span></pre></li> <li>Import iscsi.reg into registry.&nbsp; It should update both PE_Sys and PE_Soft hive.</li> <li>Unload both PE_Sys and PE_Soft hive by using File | Unload Hive… in registry editor.</li> <li>Unmount and commit the WinPE mount:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><font style="background-color: #ffff00">imagex <span style="color: #806030">/</span>unmount <span style="color: #806030">/</span>commit mount</font></pre></li> <li>The WinPE image file is now ready with iSCSI service.</li></ol> <h1>Start iSCSI service in WinPE environment</h1> <ol> <li>Boot the WinPE image either by using ISO or PXE</li> <li>To start iSCSI service:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">X<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>system32<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">net start msiscsi</font> The Microsoft iSCSI Initiator Service service is starting<span style="color: #806030">.</span> The Microsoft iSCSI Initiator Service service was started successfully<span style="color: #806030">.</span></pre></li> <li>type <font style="background-color: #ffff00">iscsicpl</font> to start iSCSI GUI windows:<br><br><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-y1KWiXcehg8/TthRIfIo0DI/AAAAAAAAAz8/tglCaPmAOKg/s1600-h/Windows%2525207-2011-12-02-12-12-55%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="Windows 7-2011-12-02-12-12-55" border="0" alt="Windows 7-2011-12-02-12-12-55" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-d3_onH88buo/TthRLainr5I/AAAAAAAAA0I/jai9SBm6ans/Windows%2525207-2011-12-02-12-12-55_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="804" height="604"></a></li> <li>The iSCSI initiator is now active to connect to iSCSI target.</li></ol> <h1>Reference</h1> <ol> <li>WinPE v3.0 and Microsoft iSCSI Initiator. URL: <a href="http://www.gregorystrike.com/2010/01/08/winpe-v3-0-and-microsoft-iscsi-initiator/">http://www.gregorystrike.com/2010/01/08/winpe-v3-0-and-microsoft-iscsi-initiator/</a></li></ol> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-4597805076075942522?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-791844628252019522011-12-02T11:38:00.001+08:002011-12-02T11:38:46.758+08:00PXELinux: Load menu other than default<p>When loading PXELinux via DHCP as specified in dhcp.conf:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">filename <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">pxelinux.0</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> </pre> <p>Once PXELinux was loaded, it will look for configuration in the following order:</p> <ol> <li>Client PC’s GUID</li> <li>Client PC’s MAC Address</li> <li>Client PC”s IP address</li> <li>pxelinux.cfg/default</li></ol> <p>These searching order may reveal from /var/log/messages:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">Nov <span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:58:09</span> dolphin in<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>tftpd<span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #8c0000">24603</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> RRQ from <span style="color: #8c0000">192.168</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.181</span> filename gpxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span> Nov <span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:58:09</span> dolphin in<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>tftpd<span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #8c0000">24604</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> RRQ from <span style="color: #8c0000">192.168</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.181</span> filename pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/</span>0338a9f6<span style="color: #806030">-</span>d2b1<span style="color: #806030">-</span>11df<span style="color: #806030">-</span>9ec1 <span style="color: #806030">-</span>0013d4d9c9e8 Nov <span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:58:09</span> dolphin in<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>tftpd<span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #8c0000">24605</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> RRQ from <span style="color: #8c0000">192.168</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.181</span> filename pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">01</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">70</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">71</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>bc<span style="color: #806030">-</span>a8<span style="color: #806030">-</span>4f<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">43</span> Nov <span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:58:09</span> dolphin in<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>tftpd<span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #8c0000">24606</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> RRQ from <span style="color: #8c0000">192.168</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.181</span> filename pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/</span>C0A800B5 Nov <span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:58:09</span> dolphin in<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>tftpd<span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #8c0000">24607</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> RRQ from <span style="color: #8c0000">192.168</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.181</span> filename pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/</span>C0A800B Nov <span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:58:09</span> dolphin in<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>tftpd<span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #8c0000">24608</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> RRQ from <span style="color: #8c0000">192.168</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.181</span> filename pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/</span>C0A800 Nov <span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:58:09</span> dolphin in<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>tftpd<span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #8c0000">24609</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> RRQ from <span style="color: #8c0000">192.168</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.181</span> filename pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/</span>C0A80 Nov <span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:58:09</span> dolphin in<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>tftpd<span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #8c0000">24610</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> RRQ from <span style="color: #8c0000">192.168</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.181</span> filename pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/</span>C0A8 Nov <span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:58:09</span> dolphin in<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>tftpd<span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #8c0000">24611</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> RRQ from <span style="color: #8c0000">192.168</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.181</span> filename pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/</span>C0A Nov <span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:58:09</span> dolphin in<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>tftpd<span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #8c0000">24612</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> RRQ from <span style="color: #8c0000">192.168</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.181</span> filename pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/</span>C0 Nov <span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:58:09</span> dolphin in<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>tftpd<span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #8c0000">24613</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> RRQ from <span style="color: #8c0000">192.168</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.181</span> filename pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/</span>C Nov <span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:58:09</span> dolphin in<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>tftpd<span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #8c0000">24614</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> RRQ from <span style="color: #8c0000">192.168</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.181</span> filename pxelinux<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>cfg<span style="color: #806030">/</span>default </pre> <p>In most situation, create a default configuration file works well.&nbsp; There are some situations where we want to force the pxelinux to load menu configuration file other than default.</p> <p>Here is a DHCP configuration that force pxelinux to load menu pxelinux.cfg/boot:</p> <div style="border-bottom: #d0d0d0 1px solid; border-left: #d0d0d0 1px solid; background-color: #f0f0f0; font-family: monospace; color: #006; border-top: #d0d0d0 1px solid; border-right: #d0d0d0 1px solid" class="text"> <ol> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">option space pxelinux;</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">option pxelinux.magic code 208 = string;</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">option pxelinux.configfile code 209 = text;</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">option pxelinux.pathprefix code 210 = text;</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">option pxelinux.reboottime code 211 = unsigned integer 32;</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">&nbsp;</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">site-option-space "pxelinux";</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">if exists dhcp-parameter-request-list {</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">&nbsp; # Always send the PXELINUX options</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">&nbsp; option dhcp-parameter-request-list = concat(option-dhcp-parameter-request-list, "208,209,210,211");</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">}</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">&nbsp;</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">option pxelinux.configfile&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; "pxelinux.cfg/boot";</div></li> <li style="font: 130% 'Courier New', courier, monospace; color: #003030; vertical-align: top"> <div style="padding-bottom: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; font: 1em/1.2em monospace; background: none transparent scroll repeat 0% 0%; color: #000020; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 0px">filename "pxelinux.0";</div></li></ol></div> <p>The DHCP option 209 is the option to specify PXELinux config file.&nbsp; Line 10 specify option additional parameters that will pass to dhcp client.</p> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-79184462825201952?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-72777000542097746262011-12-02T11:17:00.001+08:002011-12-02T11:17:37.043+08:00PXELinux: Boot ISO image from network<p>PXELinux’s memdisk module may boot ISO image from network.&nbsp; However, not all ISO file support network booting.&nbsp; It is worth to try if you need the boot ISO image via PXELinux.</p> <p>The following example shows two configuration to boot WinPE and SeaTools ISO.&nbsp; The PXE supports iPXE/gPXE to allow HTTP loading of ISO file.&nbsp; You may use native TFTP protocol for file loading too.</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">label WinPE ISO kernel syslinux<span style="color: #806030">/</span>memdisk append iso initrd <a href="http://&lt;ip-address&gt;/winpe7_x64.isolabel">http<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c34e00">//&lt;ip-address&gt;/winpe7_x64.iso</span> label</a> SeaTools menu label SeaTools <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">for</span> DOS v2<span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">23</span> kernel syslinux<span style="color: #806030">/</span>memdisk append iso initrd <a href="http://&lt;ip-address&gt;/SeaToolsDOS223ALL.ISO">http<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c34e00">//&lt;ip-address&gt;/SeaToolsDOS223ALL.ISO</span> </a></pre> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-7277700054209774626?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-71863110665179376912011-11-28T17:51:00.001+08:002011-11-29T11:02:42.680+08:00iPXE: iSCSI for Microsoft Windows<h1>Prepare environment to install and boot from iSCSI target</h1> <ol> <li>Syslinux 3.86 is the last known working version that may work with gpxe/ipxe.&nbsp; Prepare a TFTP boot folder as following:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># tree</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> ├── pxelinux<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>cfg │&nbsp;&nbsp; └── default ├── syslinux -<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> syslinux<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">386</span> ├── syslinux<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">386</span> │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── advdump<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── c32echo<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── cat<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── chain<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── cmd<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── comecho<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>com │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── complex<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── config<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── copybs<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>com │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── cpuid<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── cpuidtest<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── disk<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── display<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── dmitest<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── elf<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── entrydump<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── ethersel<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── fancyhello<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── fd<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── filetest<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── gfxboot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── gfxboot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>com │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── gpxecmd<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── gpxelinux<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span> │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── hdt<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── hello2<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── hello<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── ifcpu64<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── ifcpu<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── int18<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>com │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── kbdmap<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── keytest<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── linux<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── localboot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── mboot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── mdiskchk<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>com │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── memdump<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>com │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── meminfo<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── menu<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── pcitest<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── pmload<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── poweroff<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>com │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── pxechain<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>com │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── pxelinux<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span> │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── reboot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── resolv<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── rosh<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── sanboot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── sdi<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── serialinfo<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── simple<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── sysdump<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── syslinux<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>com │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── test2<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── <span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">test</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── vesainfo<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── vesamenu<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 │&nbsp;&nbsp; └── vpdtest<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 ├── undionly<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span> -<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> undionly<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>kpxe ├── undionly<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>kpxe └── windows<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>pe ├── BCD ├── bootmgr<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>exe ├── boot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>sdi ├── fonts │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── chs_boot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>ttf │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── cht_boot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>ttf │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── jpn_boot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>ttf │&nbsp;&nbsp; ├── kor_boot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>ttf │&nbsp;&nbsp; └── wgl4_boot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>ttf ├── pxeboot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span> -<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> pxeboot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>n12 ├── pxeboot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>n12 ├── vista_x64<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>wim ├── vista_x86<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>wim ├── win7_x64<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>wim └── win7_x86<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>wim</pre></li> <li>Update /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf to use gpxelinux.0<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">filename <span style="color: #e60000">"gpxelinux.0"</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span></pre></li> <li>Restart dhcpd service<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">service dhcpd restart</font></span> Shutting down dhcpd<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span> OK <span style="color: #806030">]</span> Starting dhcpd<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span> OK <span style="color: #806030">]</span></pre></li> <li>Update pxelinux.cfg/default:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">LABEL boot_san menu label Boot ^Storage Area Network menu indent <span style="color: #c00000">5</span> com32 <span style="color: #40015a">syslinux/gpxecmd.c32</span> append chain tftp<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span><span style="color: #40015a">/boot.example.com/sanboot.gpxe</span> label undionly menu label Boot iPXE UNDI menu indent <span style="color: #c00000">5</span> kernel undionly<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span></pre></li> <li>Create a sanboot.gpxe script file:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># cat sanboot.gpxe</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#!</span><span style="color: #007997">gpxe</span> login chain tftp<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span><span style="color: #40015a">/boot.example.com/syslinux/menu.c32</span> <a href="http://${username}:${password}@boot.example.com/~${username}/menu.cfg">http<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span>${username}<span style="color: #806030">:</span>${password}@boot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.example.com</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span>~${username}<span style="color: #40015a">/menu.cfg</a></span></pre></li> <li>A sample menu.cfg file:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">UI <span style="color: #40015a">syslinux/vesamenu.c32</span> LABEL Windows <span style="color: #c00000">7</span> x64 com32 cmd<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 append sanboot iscsi<span style="color: #806030">:</span>nas<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.example.com</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>iqn<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>example.com<span style="color: #806030">:</span>win7-x64 LABEL Windows <span style="color: #c00000">8</span> x64 com32 cmd<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>c32 append sanboot iscsi<span style="color: #806030">:</span>nas<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>example.com<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>iqn<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.example.com</span><span style="color: #806030">:w</span>in8-x64</pre></li></ol> <h1>Install Windows 7 on iSCSI target</h1> <ol> <li>Boot machine into iPXE kernel (Boot iPXE UNDI or undionly.0) <li>Press <font style="background-color: #ffff00">Ctrl-B</font> to start iPXE command line <br><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-aGT6uOrStRI/TtRLTBTpmzI/AAAAAAAAAzg/4lBIwTshX6E/s1600-h/MS-DOS-2011-11-15-11-49-38%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="MS-DOS-2011-11-15-11-49-38" border="0" alt="MS-DOS-2011-11-15-11-49-38" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-JRonW0NlzVs/TtRLT5q9JjI/AAAAAAAAAzo/ilNUOG3lFRg/MS-DOS-2011-11-15-11-49-38_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="724" height="404"></a> <li>Obtain an IP address from dhcp<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">iPXE&gt; <font style="background-color: #ffff00">dhcp net0</font></pre> <li>Preserve SAN device<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">iPXE&gt; <font style="background-color: #ffff00">set</font></span><font style="background-color: #ffff00"> keep-san <span style="color: #c00000">1</span></font></pre> <li>Supply chap information if necessary:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">iPXE&gt; <font style="background-color: #ffff00">login</font></pre> <li>Initialize iSCSI target:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">iPXE&gt;</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">sanboot</font> iscsi<span style="color: #806030">:nas.example.com</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>iqn<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">2011</span>-<span style="color: #c00000">03</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>example<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.com</span><span style="color: #806030">:<font color="#000000">my-iscsi</font></span></pre> <li> <p>Chain boot to Windows PE</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">iPXE&gt; <font style="background-color: #ffff00">chain</font> tftp<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span><span style="color: #40015a">/boot.example.com/windows.pe/pxeboot.0</span></pre></li> <ol><!--EndFragment--></ol> <li>Once boot into Windows PE, you may use the iSCSI target just like your local storage.&nbsp; You may install a Windows OS into the iSCSI target.</li></ol> <h1>Boot from iSCSI target using iPXE</h1> <ol> <li>Boot machine into iPXE kernel <li>Press Ctrl-B to start iPXE command line </li> <li> <p>Obtain an IP address from DHCP</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">iPXE&gt; <font style="background-color: #ffff00">dhcp net0</font></pre></li> <ol><!--EndFragment--></ol> <li> <p>Supply chap information if necessary:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">iPXE&gt; <font style="background-color: #ffff00">login</font></pre></li> <ol><!--EndFragment--></ol> <li> <p>Boot from iSCSI target:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">iPXE&gt;</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">sanboot</font> iscsi<span style="color: #806030">:nas.example.com</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>iqn<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">2011</span>-<span style="color: #c00000">03</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>example<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.com</span><span style="color: #806030">:<font color="#000000">my-iscsi</font></span></pre></li></ol> <h1>Boot from iSCSI using PXE using HTTP</h1> <ol> <li>Boot from PXE </li> <li>Use the pxe menu configuration to boot iSCSI target introduced in section “Prepare environment to install and boot from iSCSI target”</li></ol> <h1>Reference</h1> <ol> <li>User-specific boot menus. URL: <a href="http://etherboot.org/wiki/appnotes/authmenus">http://etherboot.org/wiki/appnotes/authmenus</a></li> <li>Installing Windows Server 2008 to an iSCSI target. URL: <a href="http://etherboot.org/wiki/sanboot/win2k8_iscsi_install">http://etherboot.org/wiki/sanboot/win2k8_iscsi_install</a></li></ol> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-7186311066517937691?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-87307624635554150932011-11-17T16:01:00.001+08:002011-11-17T16:01:30.868+08:00iPXE: Boot iPXE firmware<p><a href="http://ipxe.org/">iPXE</a> (formerly known as <a href="http://etherboot.org/wiki/start">gPXE</a>) is an open source network boot firmware.&nbsp; The most obvious reason of using iPXE is the ability to download image from HTTP and Boot ISCSI target but not limited to that.&nbsp; For illustration purpose, this topic focus on chain load usage of iPXE image.</p> <h1>Prepare iPXE image</h1> <ol> <li>Get a copy of the iPXE source<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">git clone git<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span><span style="color: #40015a">/git.ipxe.org/ipxe.git</span></font></pre></li> <li>Build chain load iPXE image:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">cd</font></span><font style="background-color: #ffff00"> ipxe </font># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">make <span style="color: #40015a">src/bin/undionly.kpxe</span></font></pre></li> <li>Chain load iPXE image file:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffffff">ls -algG src/bin/undionly.kpxe -al</font></span> -rw-r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> <span style="color: #c00000">62326</span> Nov <span style="color: #c00000">15</span> <span style="color: #c00000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">38</span> <span style="color: #40015a">src/bin/<font style="background-color: #ffff00">undionly.kpxe</font></span></pre></li> <li>Refer to: <a href="http://ipxe.org/download">http://ipxe.org/download</a> for more information on preparing iPXE image.</li></ol> <h1>Chain loading iPXE from PXE ROM</h1> <ol> <li>Deploy iPXE image to TFTP boot folder:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">cp src/bin/undionly.kpxe /var/lib/tftpboot</font></span></pre></li> <li>Change dhcp configuration file to boot iPXE image:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf</span> next-server <span style="color: #e34adc">&lt;</span>tftp-server<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> filename <span style="color: #e60000">"<font style="background-color: #ffff00">undionly.kpxe</font>"</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span></pre></li> <li>Restart dhcpd service:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># <strong>service dhcpd restart</strong></span></pre></li> <li>Power on machine and boot to network using existing PXE ROM.&nbsp; You should see the machine will boot into iPXE shell after PXE ROM:<br><br><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-pB9z9_Lh4CQ/TsS_PXHqb5I/AAAAAAAAAyc/gaikSuH0RUE/s1600-h/MS-DOS-2011-11-15-11-49-38%25255B4%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="MS-DOS-2011-11-15-11-49-38" border="0" alt="MS-DOS-2011-11-15-11-49-38" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-PjMPZqGaLr0/TsS_QVDZ_qI/AAAAAAAAAyk/AkKBvWcZrWE/MS-DOS-2011-11-15-11-49-38_thumb.png?imgmax=800" width="724" height="404"></a></li> <li>Press Ctrl-B for enter iPXE cli mode.</li> <li>Type help to get a list of available commands:<br><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-chr0Dv-Glx0/TsS_RDCoxEI/AAAAAAAAAys/47U55AovTMA/s1600-h/MS-DOS-2011-11-17-15-08-47%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="MS-DOS-2011-11-17-15-08-47" border="0" alt="MS-DOS-2011-11-17-15-08-47" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-2QOxBOKCLtE/TsS_SFjIqaI/AAAAAAAAAy0/pvBhXUphOGU/MS-DOS-2011-11-17-15-08-47_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="724" height="404"></a></li></ol> <h1>iPXE options for DHCP</h1> <ol> <li>Construct a list of iPXE options for DHCP configuration:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># cat <font style="background-color: #ffff00">/etc/dhcp/ipxe.options</font></span> <span style="color: #c34e00"># iPXE specific options</span> option space ipxe<span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe-encap-opts code <span style="color: #c00000">175</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> encapsulate ipxe<span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>priority code <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> signed integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>keep-san code <span style="color: #c00000">8</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>skip-san-boot code <span style="color: #c00000">9</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>no-pxedhcp code <span style="color: #c00000">176</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>bus-id code <span style="color: #c00000">177</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> string<span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>bios-drive code <span style="color: #c00000">189</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>username code <span style="color: #c00000">190</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> string<span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>password code <span style="color: #c00000">191</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> string<span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>reverse-username code <span style="color: #c00000">192</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> string<span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>reverse-password code <span style="color: #c00000">193</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> string<span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>version code <span style="color: #c00000">235</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> string<span style="color: #806030">;</span> option iscsi-initiator-iqn code <span style="color: #c00000">203</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> string<span style="color: #806030">;</span> <span style="color: #c34e00"># Feature indicators</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>pxeext code <span style="color: #c00000">16</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>iscsi code <span style="color: #c00000">17</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>aoe code <span style="color: #c00000">18</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>http code <span style="color: #c00000">19</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>https code <span style="color: #c00000">20</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>tftp code <span style="color: #c00000">21</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>ftp code <span style="color: #c00000">22</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>dns code <span style="color: #c00000">23</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>bzimage code <span style="color: #c00000">24</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>multiboot code <span style="color: #c00000">25</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>slam code <span style="color: #c00000">26</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>srp code <span style="color: #c00000">27</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>nbi code <span style="color: #c00000">32</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>pxe code <span style="color: #c00000">33</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>elf code <span style="color: #c00000">34</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>comboot code <span style="color: #c00000">35</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>efi code <span style="color: #c00000">36</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>fcoe code <span style="color: #c00000">37</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> unsigned integer <span style="color: #c00000">8</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span></pre></li> <li>These options are useful for advance configuration of iPXE booting.</li></ol> <h1>Prevent infinite iPXE boot</h1> <ol> <li>You will notice that booting undionly.kpxe basically just boot iPXE firmware.&nbsp; The iPXE will keep obtain iPXE image from DHCP server and boot itself infinitely.&nbsp; To instruct iPXE to do other work once iPXE has been loaded, make changes to dhcpd.conf:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">include <span style="color: #e60000">"</span><span style="color: #40015a"><font style="background-color: #ffff00">/etc/dhcp/ipxe.options</font></span><span style="color: #e60000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> next-server <span style="color: #e34adc">&lt;</span>tftp-server<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">if</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">exists user-class and option user-class <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> <span style="color: #e60000">"iPXE"</span></font> <span style="color: #806030">{</span> filename <span style="color: #e60000">"http:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span><span style="color: #40015a">/boot-server/boot.ipxe</span><span style="color: #e60000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> <span style="color: #806030">}</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">else</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span> filename <span style="color: #e60000">"undionly.kpxe"</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span> <span style="color: #806030">}</span></pre></li> <li>Restart dhcpd service:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">service dhcpd restart</font></span> Shutting down dhcpd<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span> OK <span style="color: #806030">]</span> Starting dhcpd<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span> OK <span style="color: #806030">]</span></pre></li> <li>The above changes will first boot iPXE image (undionly.kpxe), followed by booting a iPXE script from http service.</li> <li>The iPXE script (boot.ipxe) can be as simple as:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">cat boot.ipxe</font></span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#!</span><span style="color: #007997">ipxe</span> login</pre></li> <li>Here is an output screen of boot.ipxe:<br><br><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-FW0d1e1Qs7I/TsS_TEOhiNI/AAAAAAAAAy8/ZwAfwtJnE2E/s1600-h/MS-DOS-2011-11-17-15-26-11%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="MS-DOS-2011-11-17-15-26-11" border="0" alt="MS-DOS-2011-11-17-15-26-11" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-0N3dtzZ1ZNo/TsS_UDVI78I/AAAAAAAAAzE/j4101Vlo-8U/MS-DOS-2011-11-17-15-26-11_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="724" height="404"></a></li></ol> <h1>Speeding iPXE boot</h1> <p>iPXE booting will wait for replies from a ProxyDHCP server before booting. If you are not using a ProxyDHCP server, then this creates an unnecessary delay of several seconds. You can eliminate this delay by adding an option in dhcpd.conf:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">option ipxe<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>no-pxedhcp <span style="color: #c00000">1</span><span style="color: #806030">;</span></pre> <h1>Simple iPXE Commands</h1> <ol> <li>Obtain an IP for interface net0:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">IPXE<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> <font style="background-color: #ffffff"><font style="background-color: #ffff00">dhcp</font> net0</font></pre></li> <li>Interactive Configuration Tools:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">IPXE<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">config</font> </pre><br><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-q4b9DxFoQcc/TsS_VKVxk9I/AAAAAAAAAzM/ukvABUKMxlI/s1600-h/MS-DOS-2011-11-15-14-38-44%25255B4%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="MS-DOS-2011-11-15-14-38-44" border="0" alt="MS-DOS-2011-11-15-14-38-44" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-W1hx8d1qmPQ/TsS_WP87KeI/AAAAAAAAAzU/jnmZQD9xWUQ/MS-DOS-2011-11-15-14-38-44_thumb.png?imgmax=800" width="724" height="404"></a></li> <li>Boot an image<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">IPXE<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">chain</font> pxelinux<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span></pre></li> <li> <p>Boot a ISCSI target:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">IPXE<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">sanboot</font> iscsi<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #e34adc">&lt;</span>ip-address<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>iqn<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">2011</span>-<span style="color: #c00000">03</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>example<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>org<span style="color: #806030">:</span>my-target</pre></li> <ol><!--EndFragment--></ol> <li>You may aggregate iPXE commands to form a iPXE script file:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00">#!</span><span style="color: #007997">ipxe</span> login <span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">echo</span> ${username} <span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">echo</span> ${password} sanboot iscsi<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #e34adc">&lt;</span>ip-address<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>iqn<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">2011</span>-<span style="color: #c00000">03</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>example<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>org<span style="color: #806030">:</span>my-target</pre></li></ol> <h1>Chain loading iPXE from PXELinux</h1> <ol> <li>If you have deployed PXELinux in your network and want to preserve it while enjoying the iPXE’s extra functionalities, you may chain load iPXE from PXELinux’s configuration</li> <li>PXELinux requires boot image file to have suffix of .0.&nbsp; Make a symbolic link reference:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">ln -s undionly.kpxe undionly.0</font></span> <span style="color: #c34e00"># ls -algG undionly*</span> lrwxrwxrwx <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> <span style="color: #c00000">13</span> Nov <span style="color: #c00000">12</span> <span style="color: #c00000">10</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">35</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">undionly<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span> -<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> undionly<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>kpxe</font> -rw-r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> <span style="color: #c00000">55168</span> Nov <span style="color: #c00000">12</span> <span style="color: #c00000">09</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">54</span> undionly<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>kpxe</pre></li> <li>Add a menu entry to PXELinux to boot iPXE image:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># vi pxelinux.cfg/default</span> LABEL iPXE <font style="background-color: #ffff00">kernel undionly<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span></font></pre></li> <li>You may now boot iPXE from PXELinux menu</li></ol> <h1>Reference</h1> <ol> <li>Network-booting machines over HTTP. URL: <a href="http://jpmens.net/2011/07/18/network-booting-machines-over-http/">http://jpmens.net/2011/07/18/network-booting-machines-over-http/</a> <li>iPXE - open source boot firmware. URL: <a href="http://ipxe.org/">http://ipxe.org/</a></li></ol> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-8730762463555415093?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-82360639075076703632011-11-13T13:47:00.001+08:002011-11-13T13:48:11.895+08:00Make host based USB printer work with OpenWrt’s P910nd print server<p>A host-based printer like HP-LaserJet 1020 needs to download a firmware every time when boot up or else it won’t print.&nbsp; These printers works fine when connect to Windows that has drivers install.&nbsp; For Linux, <a href="http://foo2zjs.rkkda.com/">foo2zjs</a> may help upload the firmware to printer by USB hotplug daemon.</p> <p>It is very hard to make host-based printers work with networked print server appliance as the printer won’t work without firmware.&nbsp; Most print server appliance don’t have firmware ready or it won’t upload the firmware to printer.</p> <p>Some print server like D-Link DPR 1061 claims to work with host based printer but it is a different story.&nbsp; A software (PS-Link or PS-Wizard) is required to deploy on workstations in network to act as USB redirector to send firmware to printer.&nbsp; This isn’t a favor solution as it increase deployment effort on workstation.</p> <p>This topic use TP-Link 1043ND wireless router as hardware device to act as printer server alternative to those branded printer server in market.&nbsp; The TP-Link 1043ND is patched with <a href="http://www.gargoyle-router.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=6&amp;t=1857">Gargoyle WRT</a> (backed by <a href="https://openwrt.org/">OpenWrt</a>).&nbsp; A small printer daemon <a href="http://p910nd.sourceforge.net/">p910nd</a> is installed in the device to serve as printer server for network.</p> <p>Here are some brief steps to install and configure:</p> <ol> <li>Find a low cost router that has few RJ45 network sockets (usually 4 LAN port + 1 WAN port) and USB port <li>Patch the device with OpenWrt or Gargoyle Wrt <li>Install p910nd daemon <li>Download Printer Firmware <li>Configure USB hotplug daemon to send firmware to printer <li>Add a printer device in Windows / Linux workstation that print to Standard TCP/IP port (e.g.: Port 9100)</li></ol> <h1>Print Server Device: TP-Link 1043ND</h1> <p>In this article, A gigabit wireless router: TP-Link 1043ND is used as example.&nbsp; The router has 4 LAN + 1 WAN ports and a USB port mainly for flash drive.&nbsp; We will make the USB port work with USB host based printer.</p> <h1>Printer: HP Laser Jet 1020</h1> <p>HP laser jet 1020 is a USB host based printer that is not friendly to many network print server in the market.</p> <h1>Patch with Gargoyle WRT</h1> <p><a href="http://www.gargoyle-router.com/download.php">Download suitable flash firmware</a> for TP-Link 1043ND from Gargoyle.&nbsp; Follow instruction to patch the device.&nbsp; After finish patching, do some simple configuration:</p> <ol> <li>Set the root access password <li>Set IP address for the device (e.g.: 192.168.1.1) <li>Enable SSH access to the device (e.g.: port 22) <li>Try using SSH console like Putty to access the device</li></ol> <h1>Install software on device</h1> <ol> <li>SSH into device. e.g.: ssh 192.168.1.1 <li>Enter “root” as username and supply with password <li>Update OpenWRT software packages:<br><pre style="background: #ffffff; color: #000000">root@Gargoyle<span style="color: #808030">:</span>~<span style="color: #696969"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">opkg update</font></span></pre> <li>Install Kernel modules for USB Printer support:<br><pre style="background: #ffffff; color: #000000">root@Gargoyle<span style="color: #808030">:</span>~<span style="color: #696969"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">opkg install kmod-usb-printer</font></span></pre> <li>Install printer server:<br><pre style="background: #ffffff; color: #000000">root@Gargoyle<span style="color: #808030">:</span>~<span style="color: #696969"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">opkg install p910nd</font></span></pre></li></ol> <h1>Configure Printer Server: P910nd</h1> <ol> <li> <p>Enable p910nd daemon that sustain for device fresh booting:</p><pre style="background: #ffffff; color: #000000"><a href="mailto:root@Gargoyle">root@Gargoyle</a><span style="color: #808030">:</span>~<span style="color: #696969"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">/etc/init.d/p910nd enable</font></span></pre> <li>Start p910nd daemon for current session<br><pre style="background: #ffffff; color: #000000">root@Gargoyle<span style="color: #808030">:</span>~<span style="color: #696969"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">/etc/init.d/p910nd start</font></span></pre></li></ol> <h1>Printer Firmware</h1> <ol> <li>Download a suitable printer firmware (e.g.: <a href="http://oleg.wl500g.info/hplj/)">http://oleg.wl500g.info/hplj/)</a><br><pre style="background: #ffffff; color: #000000">root@Gargoyle<span style="color: #808030">:</span>~<span style="color: #696969"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">wget -o /usr/lib/sihp1020.dl </font></span><font style="background-color: #ffff00"><span style="color: #5555dd"><a href="http://oleg.wl500g.info/hplj/sihp1020.dlroot@Gargoyle">http://oleg.wl500g.info/hpl</span> <span style="color: #40015a">j/sihp1020.dl<font style="background-color: #ffff00"><font style="background-color: #ffffff"><br>root@Gargoyle</a><span style="color: #808030">:</span>~<span style="color: #696969"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">ls -al1 /usr/lib/si*</font></span> -rw-r--r-- <span style="color: #008c00">1</span> <span style="color: #008c00">126151</span> Nov <span style="color: #008c00">12</span> <span style="color: #008c00">16</span><span style="color: #808030">:</span><span style="color: #008c00">31</span> <span style="color: #40015a">/usr/lib/sihp1020.dl</span></font></font></span></font></pre> <li>Create a USB hotplug script file (/etc/hotplug.d/20-hpjl1020) for printer HP1020:<br><pre style="background: #ffffff; color: #000000"><a href="mailto:root@Gargoyle">root@Gargoyle<span style="color: #808030">:~</span></a><span style="color: #696969"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">cat /etc/hotplug.d/usb/20-hplj1020</font></span> <span style="color: #696969">#!</span><span style="color: #007997">/bin/sh</span> <span style="color: #797997">FIRMWARE</span><span style="color: #808030">=</span><span style="color: #0000e6">"</span><span style="color: #40015a"><font style="background-color: #ffff00">/usr/lib/sihp1020.dl</font></span><span style="color: #0000e6">"</span> <span style="color: #797997">DEVICE</span><span style="color: #808030">=</span><span style="color: #40015a"><font style="background-color: #ffff00">/dev/lp0</font></span> <span style="color: #797997">LOGFILE</span><span style="color: #808030">=</span><span style="color: #40015a">/var/log/hp</span> <span style="color: #800000; font-weight: bold">if</span> <span style="color: #808030">[</span> <span style="color: #0000e6">"</span><span style="color: #797997">$PRODUCT</span><span style="color: #0000e6">"</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> <span style="color: #0000e6">"</span><span style="color: #40015a"><font style="background-color: #ffff00">3f0/2b17/100</font></span><span style="color: #0000e6">"</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">-a</span> <span style="color: #0000e6">"</span><span style="color: #797997">$ACTION</span><span style="color: #0000e6">"</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> <span style="color: #0000e6">"<font style="background-color: #ffff00">add</font>"</span> <span style="color: #808030">]</span> <span style="color: #800000; font-weight: bold">then</span> <span style="color: #800000; font-weight: bold">for</span> i <span style="color: #800000; font-weight: bold">in</span> $<span style="color: #800080">(</span>seq <span style="color: #008c00">30</span><span style="color: #800080">)</span><span style="color: #800080">;</span> <span style="color: #800000; font-weight: bold">do</span> <span style="color: #800000; font-weight: bold">if</span> <span style="color: #808030">[</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">-c</span> <span style="color: #797997">$DEVICE</span> <span style="color: #808030">]</span><span style="color: #800080">;</span> <span style="color: #800000; font-weight: bold">then</span> <span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">echo</span> <span style="color: #0000e6">"$(date) : Sending firmware to printer."</span> <span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #797997">$LOGFILE</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">cat <span style="color: #797997">$FIRMWARE</span> <span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #797997">$DEVICE</span></font> <span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">echo</span> <span style="color: #0000e6">"$(date) : done."</span> <span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span><span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #797997">$LOGFILE</span> <span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">exit</span> <span style="color: #800000; font-weight: bold">fi</span> sleep <span style="color: #008c00">1</span> <span style="color: #800000; font-weight: bold">done</span> <span style="color: #800000; font-weight: bold">fi</span></pre> <li>You may adjust parameters in the script file to suit you environment. <li>Product ID: “3f0/2b17/100” is the printer ID for my HP Laser Jet 1020.&nbsp; Change it to suitable ID for the printer you attempt to connect.&nbsp; You may attempt to grep the printer ID by patching the script file to output printer id to a log file.</li></ol> <h1>Test Printer Firmware</h1> <ol> <li>Plug printer USB cable to device and check log file:<br><pre style="background: #ffffff; color: #000000">root@Gargoyle<span style="color: #808030">:</span>~<span style="color: #696969"># cat /var/log/hp</span></pre></li> <li>The log file consist some information that is useful for troubleshooting</li> <li>Power off both printer and device</li> <li>Power on both printer and device</li> <li>Check log file again to make sure firmware may send to printer properly</li></ol> <h1>Print from Windows</h1> <ol> <li>Logon to Windows workstation and add a local printer:<br><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-UEv0_YuzZtM/Tr9ZvFpTBoI/AAAAAAAAAw4/JAOvz2IImFs/s1600-h/1%25255B3%25255D.png"><img title="1" style="border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-left: 0px; display: inline; padding-right: 0px" border="0" alt="1" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-ixk-tOnmvKQ/Tr9Zv-2PMlI/AAAAAAAAAxA/juW4SPk9H6E/1_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="632" height="462"></a></li> <li>Create a new Standard TCP/IP port for the printer:<br><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-AUI3vWsihkY/Tr9Zw1HJSrI/AAAAAAAAAxI/Q6X0Z-EnRcw/s1600-h/2%25255B3%25255D.png"><img title="2" style="border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-left: 0px; display: inline; padding-right: 0px" border="0" alt="2" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-IGZxeTwF6gc/Tr9ZxwxZ8WI/AAAAAAAAAxQ/jz8LtxacN4o/2_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="632" height="462"></a></li> <li>Enter IP Address for the printer: e.g.: 192.168.1.1<br><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-QhR9dnAAlhE/Tr9ZyeSMmWI/AAAAAAAAAxY/kDtaSi1m2TE/s1600-h/3%25255B3%25255D.png"><img title="3" style="border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-left: 0px; display: inline; padding-right: 0px" border="0" alt="3" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-r0Vo9Nu3KkQ/Tr9ZzaiTCRI/AAAAAAAAAxg/io6S_1VtszM/3_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="632" height="462"></a></li> <li>Specify additional information for the connection:<br><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-L5eOu6NP0ks/Tr9Z0k353xI/AAAAAAAAAxo/d6UR5OrDuuw/s1600-h/4%25255B3%25255D.png"><img title="4" style="border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-left: 0px; display: inline; padding-right: 0px" border="0" alt="4" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-o6jMrlc-ViI/Tr9Z1p9Nz4I/AAAAAAAAAxw/c65R4aCq-74/4_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="632" height="462"></a></li> <li>Choose “Raw” protocol and set port number. e.g.: 9100<br><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-tBxo2v4J_9w/Tr9Z2amkueI/AAAAAAAAAx4/R7OypZdM7Vk/s1600-h/5%25255B3%25255D.png"><img title="5" style="border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-left: 0px; display: inline; padding-right: 0px" border="0" alt="5" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-MziMctZfljk/Tr9Z3Jcd4SI/AAAAAAAAAyA/nSr5sa9Ytf8/5_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="492" height="520"></a></li> <li>Pick a suitable printer driver:<br><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-oMikHBSrQ98/Tr9Z4MHznvI/AAAAAAAAAyI/Dh_UMJ9l7O0/s1600-h/6%25255B3%25255D.png"><img title="6" style="border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 0px; padding-left: 0px; border-left: 0px; display: inline; padding-right: 0px" border="0" alt="6" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-geVDBYuWxzM/Tr9Z5F1TPqI/AAAAAAAAAyQ/wc5zYCYbH7M/6_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="632" height="462"></a></li> <li>You may try to print a test page to the printer.</li></ol> <h1></h1> <h1>Reference</h1> <ol> <li>p910nd Printer Server. URL: <a href="http://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/howto/p910nd.server">http://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/howto/p910nd.server</a></li></ol> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-8236063907507670363?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-39695770547285661902011-11-11T17:33:00.001+08:002011-11-11T17:33:57.650+08:00Linux: Install Conexant USB modem <p>This article showing how to install Conexant USB modem on Linux machine.&nbsp; The Conexant USB module has a RJ11 socket at one end for phone line connection and USB connector on another end to plug into USB port:</p> <p><img style="display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto" src="http://www.sella.co.nz/images/thumb/q/r/5/4z7qr5-210x158-bg.jpg"></p> <h1>Identify modem model</h1> <ol> <li>Plug Conexant USB modem into machine.</li> <li>Identity modem model:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">lsusb</font> </span> Bus <span style="color: #c00000">005</span> Device <span style="color: #c00000">001</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> ID 1d6b<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">0001</span> Linux Foundation <span style="color: #c00000">1</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root hub <font style="background-color: #ffff00">Bus <span style="color: #c00000">004</span> Device <span style="color: #c00000">002</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> ID <span style="color: #c00000">0572</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">1324</span> Conexant Systems <span style="color: #806030">(</span>Rockwell<span style="color: #806030">)</span>, Inc<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> </font>Bus <span style="color: #c00000">004</span> Device <span style="color: #c00000">001</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> ID 1d6b<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">0001</span> Linux Foundation <span style="color: #c00000">1</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root hub Bus <span style="color: #c00000">003</span> Device <span style="color: #c00000">001</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> ID 1d6b<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">0001</span> Linux Foundation <span style="color: #c00000">1</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root hub Bus <span style="color: #c00000">002</span> Device <span style="color: #c00000">001</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> ID 1d6b<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">0001</span> Linux Foundation <span style="color: #c00000">1</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root hub Bus <span style="color: #c00000">001</span> Device <span style="color: #c00000">001</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> ID 1d6b<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">0002</span> Linux Foundation <span style="color: #c00000">2</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span> root hub</pre></li></ol> <h1><font size="1" face="Courier New"></font>Download modem driver</h1> <ol> <li>Visit <a href="http://www.linuxant.com/">http://www.linuxant.com</a> to download the modem driver.</li> <li>The modem ID in this example is 0572:1324, so DGC softmodem is the suitable driver.</li> <li>For illustration purpose, this example use dgcmodem-1.13-1.i386.rpm.zip</li></ol> <h1>Build modem driver</h1> <ol> <li>Prepare to build modem driver. You may skip some of the following rpm package depends on your system: <br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">yum install dgcmodem-1.13-1.i386.rpm</font> </span> <span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">yum install kernel-devel-2.6.33</font></span></pre></li> <li>Configure modem driver:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">/usr/sbin/dgcconfig</font></span></pre></li> <li>Check modem installation:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">ls /dev/ttyACM* -al</font> </span> crw-rw---- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root dialout <span style="color: #c00000">166</span>, <span style="color: #c00000">0</span> Jan <span style="color: #c00000">8</span> <span style="color: #c00000">15</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">04</span> <span style="color: #40015a">/dev/ttyACM0</span> <span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">ls /dev/modem -al</font> </span> lrwxrwxrwx <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">7</span> Jan <span style="color: #c00000">8</span> <span style="color: #c00000">15</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">04</span> <span style="color: #40015a">/dev/modem</span> -<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> ttyACM0</pre></li></ol> <h1>Reference</h1> <ol> <li>Linuxant. <a href="http://www.linuxant.com/">http://www.linuxant.com</a></li></ol> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-3969577054728566190?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-74867177228078718782011-11-11T17:16:00.001+08:002011-11-11T17:16:42.504+08:00BackTrack 5: Accelerate pyrit with NVIDIA GPU processor<p><a href="http://code.google.com/p/pyrit/">Pyrit</a> is a cryptography tool that may decrypt WPA/WPA2 capture handshake in 802.11 wireless traffic (WIFI) using brute force approach.&nbsp; The original Pyrit performs calculation using CPU cores.&nbsp; This article introduces how to compile Pyrit to facilitate NVIDIA GPUs that may boost performance for 10x to 20x or even more depends on GPU cores and models.</p> <h1>Download NVIDIA driver and toolkit</h1> <ol> <li>Download NVIDIA drivers according to your CPU architecture: </li> <ul> <li>32 bit: <a href="http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/4_0_rc2/drivers/devdriver_4.0_linux_32_270.40.run">http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/4_0_rc2/drivers/devdriver_4.0_linux_32_270.40.run</a></li></ul> <ul> <li>64 bit: <a href="http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/4_0_rc2/drivers/devdriver_4.0_linux_64_270.40.run">http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/4_0_rc2/drivers/devdriver_4.0_linux_64_270.40.run</a></li></ul> <li>Next, download the CUDA toolkit, according to your CPU architecture:</li> <ul> <li>32 bit: <a href="http://www.nvidia.com/object/thankyou.html?url=/compute/cuda/4_0_rc2/toolkit/cudatoolkit_4.0.13_linux_32_ubuntu10.10.run">http://www.nvidia.com/object/thankyou.html?url=/compute/cuda/4_0_rc2/toolkit/cudatoolkit_4.0.13_linux_32_ubuntu10.10.run</a> </li></ul> <ul> <li>64 bit: <a href="http://www.nvidia.com/object/thankyou.html?url=/compute/cuda/4_0_rc2/toolkit/cudatoolkit_4.0.13_linux_64_ubuntu10.10.run">http://www.nvidia.com/object/thankyou.html?url=/compute/cuda/4_0_rc2/toolkit/cudatoolkit_4.0.13_linux_64_ubuntu10.10.run</a></li></ul></ol> <h1>Disable Kernel Nouveau</h1> <p>Install NVIDIA display driver may fail if kernel Nouveau is running, the kernel should disable first:</p> <ol> <li>Disable Kernel Nouveau:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">echo options nouveau modeset=0 | tee -a /etc/modprobe.d/nouveau-kms.conf</font></span> root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">update-initramfs -u</font></span> update-initramfs<span style="color: #806030">:</span> Generating <span style="color: #40015a">/boot/initrd.img-2.6.39.4</span></pre> <li>Reboot machine </li></ol> <h1>Install NVIDIA driver</h1> <ol> <li>Make sure you are not in an X session (log out to console) <li>Run Nvidia driver installer:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #40015a">/</span><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">./devdriver_4.0_linux_64_270.40.run</font></span> Verifying archive integrity<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> OK Uncompressing NVIDIA Accelerated Graphics Driver <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">for</span> Linux-x86_64 <span style="color: #c00000">270</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">40</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span></pre> <li>Follow screen instruction to complete installation </li></ol> <h1>Install NVIDIA CUDA toolkit</h1> <p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #40015a">/</span><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">./cudatoolkit_4.0.17_linux_64_ubuntu10.10.run</font></span> Verifying archive integrity<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> All good<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> Uncompressing NVIDIA CUDA<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> Enter install path <span style="color: #806030">(</span>default <span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda</span>, <span style="color: #e60000">'/cuda'</span> will be appended<span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> ======================================== <span style="color: #806030">*</span> Please make sure your PATH includes <span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda/bin</span> <span style="color: #806030">*</span> Please make sure your LD_LIBRARY_PATH <span style="color: #806030">*</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">for</span> <span style="color: #c00000">32</span>-bit Linux distributions includes <span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda/lib</span> <span style="color: #806030">*</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">for</span> <span style="color: #c00000">64</span>-bit Linux distributions includes <span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda/lib64</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda/lib</span> <span style="color: #806030">*</span> OR <span style="color: #806030">*</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">for</span> <span style="color: #c00000">32</span>-bit Linux distributions add <span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda/lib</span> <span style="color: #806030">*</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">for</span> <span style="color: #c00000">64</span>-bit Linux distributions add <span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda/lib64</span> and <span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda/lib</span> <span style="color: #806030">*</span> to <span style="color: #40015a">/etc/ld.so.conf</span> and run ldconfig as root <span style="color: #806030">*</span> Please <span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">read</span> the release notes <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">in</span> <span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda/doc</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span> <span style="color: #806030">*</span> To uninstall CUDA, delete <span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda</span> <span style="color: #806030">*</span> Installation Complete</pre> <h1>Prepare CUDA for Pyrit</h1> <ol> <li>Prepare kernel sources:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">prepare-kernel-sources</font></span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #e60000">*</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> apt-getting linux-source<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> Reading package lists<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> Done Building dependency tree Reading state information<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> Done linux-source is already the newest version<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required<span style="color: #806030">:</span> libecryptfs0 libdmraid1<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>rc16 libdebconfclient0 ecryptfs-utils cryptsetup rdate bogl-bterm libdebian-installer4 reiserfsprogs dmraid python-pyicu Use <span style="color: #e60000">'apt-get autoremove'</span> to remove them<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> <span style="color: #c00000">0</span> upgraded, <span style="color: #c00000">0</span> newly installed, <span style="color: #c00000">0</span> to remove and <span style="color: #c00000">0</span> not upgraded<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #e60000">*</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> extracting sources, please <span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">wait</span> tar<span style="color: #806030">:</span> linux-source-<span style="color: #c00000">2</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">6</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">39</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">4</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>tar<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>bz2<span style="color: #806030">:</span> Cannot open<span style="color: #806030">:</span> No such file or directory tar<span style="color: #806030">:</span> Error is not recoverable<span style="color: #806030">:</span> exiting now tar<span style="color: #806030">:</span> Child returned status <span style="color: #c00000">2</span> tar<span style="color: #806030">:</span> Exiting with failure status due to previous errors <span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #e60000">*</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> doing stuff<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> cp<span style="color: #806030">:</span> missing destination file operand after <span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000">`</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #40015a">/boot</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #40015a">/</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #e60000">'</span> <span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #e60000">Try `cp --help'</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000"> </span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #400000; font-weight: bold">for</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000"> more information</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000"></span> <span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #40015a">scripts/kconfig/conf</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000"> --silentoldconfig Kconfig</span> <span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000">CHK </span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #40015a">include/linux/version.h</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000"></span> <span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000">CHK </span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #40015a">include/generated/utsrelease.h</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000"></span> <span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000">CALL </span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #40015a">scripts/checksyscalls.sh</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000"></span> <span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #806030">[</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #e60000">*</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #806030">]</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000"> tada</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #400000; font-weight: bold">!</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000"></span> <span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000">root@bt</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #806030">:</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000">~</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">cd /usr/src/linux</font></span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000"></span> <span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #000000">root@bt</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #806030">:</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #40015a">/usr/src/linux</span><span style="background: #ffffe8; color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">cp -rf include/generated/* include/linux/</font></span></pre> <li>Set Environment <a href="mailto:variableroot@bt">variable</a><br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">vi ~/.bashrc</font></span> PATH<span style="color: #806030">=</span>$PATH<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda/bin</span> LD_LIBRARY_PATH<span style="color: #806030">=</span>$LD_LIBRARY_PATH<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda/lib64</span> <span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">export</span> PATH <span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">export</span> LD_LIBRARY_PATHroot@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># source /root/.bashrc</span> root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># <strong><font style="background-color: #ffff00">ldconfig</font></strong></span></pre> <li>Check NVIDIA compiler:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">which nvcc</font></span> <span style="color: #40015a">/usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc</span> root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">nvcc -V</font></span> nvcc<span style="color: #806030">:</span> NVIDIA <span style="color: #806030">(</span>R<span style="color: #806030">)</span> Cuda compiler driver Copyright <span style="color: #806030">(</span>c<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2005</span>-<span style="color: #c00000">2011</span> NVIDIA Corporation Built on Thu_May_12_11<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">09</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>45_PDT_2011 Cuda compilation tools, release <span style="color: #c00000">4</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span>, V0<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">2</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1221</span><br></pre></li></ol> <h1>Setup pyrit</h1> <ol> <li>Setup pyrit dependent packages:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">apt-get install libssl-dev</font></span> root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">apt-get install scapy</font></span> root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">apt-get install python-dev</font></span></pre> <li>Check out Pyrit SVN trunk:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># svn checkout </span><span style="color: #5555dd">http://pyrit.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/</span><span style="color: #c34e00"> pyrit</span></pre> <li>Build Pyrit:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">cd pyrit/pyrit/</font></span> root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #40015a">/pyrit/pyrit</span><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">python setup.py build</font></span> root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #40015a">/pyrit/pyrit</span><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">python setup.py install</font></span></pre> <li>Test Pyrit:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #40015a">/pyrit/pyrit</span><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">pyrit list_cores</font></span> Pyrit <span style="color: #c00000">0</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">4</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span>-dev <span style="color: #806030">(</span>svn r308<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #806030">(</span>C<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2008</span>-<span style="color: #c00000">2011</span> Lukas Lueg http<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span><span style="color: #40015a">/pyrit.googlecode.com</span> This code is distributed under the GNU General Public License v3+ The following cores seem available<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#1: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#2: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#3: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#4: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#5: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#6: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#7: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#8: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span></pre></li></ol> <h1>Setup CUDA for Pyrit</h1> <ol> <li>Build CUDA for Pyrit:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #40015a">/pyrit/pyrit</span><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">cd ../cpyrit_cuda/</font></span> root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #40015a">/pyrit/cpyrit_cuda</span><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">python setup.py build</font></span> root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #40015a">/pyrit/cpyrit_cuda</span><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">python setup.py install</font></span></pre> <li>Test CUDA for Pyrit:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #40015a">/pyrit/cpyrit_cuda</span><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">pyrit list_cores</font></span> Pyrit <span style="color: #c00000">0</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">4</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span>-dev <span style="color: #806030">(</span>svn r308<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #806030">(</span>C<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2008</span>-<span style="color: #c00000">2011</span> Lukas Lueg http<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span><span style="color: #40015a">/pyrit.googlecode.com</span> This code is distributed under the GNU General Public License v3+ The following cores seem available<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00"><span style="color: #c34e00">#1: 'CUDA-Device #1 'GeForce 8400 GS''</span> </font><span style="color: #c34e00">#2: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#3: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#4: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#5: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#6: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#7: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#8: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)'</span> root@bt<span style="color: #806030">:</span>~<span style="color: #40015a">/pyrit/cpyrit_cuda</span><span style="color: #c34e00"># <font style="background-color: #ffff00">pyrit benchmark</font></span> Pyrit <span style="color: #c00000">0</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">4</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span>-dev <span style="color: #806030">(</span>svn r308<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #806030">(</span>C<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2008</span>-<span style="color: #c00000">2011</span> Lukas Lueg http<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span><span style="color: #40015a">/pyrit.googlecode.com</span> This code is distributed under the GNU General Public License v3+ Running benchmark <span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #c00000">3240</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span> <span style="color: #40015a">PMKs/s</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> <span style="color: #0f6900">\</span> Computed <span style="color: #c00000">3240</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">14</span> <span style="color: #40015a">PMKs/s</span> total<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00"><span style="color: #c34e00">#1: 'CUDA-Device #1 'GeForce 8400 GS'': 457.5 PMKs/s (RTT 3.2)</span> </font><span style="color: #c34e00">#2: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)': 425.5 PMKs/s (RTT 3.0)</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#3: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)': 425.9 PMKs/s (RTT 3.0)</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#4: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)': 426.2 PMKs/s (RTT 3.0)</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#5: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)': 425.5 PMKs/s (RTT 2.9)</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#6: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)': 425.6 PMKs/s (RTT 3.1)</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#7: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)': 453.3 PMKs/s (RTT 3.0)</span> <span style="color: #c34e00">#8: 'CPU-Core (SSE2)': 422.3 PMKs/s (RTT 3.1)</span></pre> <li>The benchmark for GeForce GPU doesn’t shows much improvement on calculation as the GPU is a low end graphic card.</li></ol> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-7486717722807871878?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-59538330990796078662011-11-11T16:14:00.001+08:002011-11-11T16:16:40.213+08:00BackTrack 5: Installation and Configuration<p>BackTrack Linux is an operating system based on the Ubuntu GNU/Linux distribution aimed at digital forensics and penetration testing use.[8] It is named after backtracking, a search algorithm.&nbsp; For more information and download a copy of backtrack, visit <a href="http://www.backtrack-linux.org/">http://www.backtrack-linux.org/</a></p> <h1>Boot BackTrack via USB Flash Drive</h1> <ol> <li>The USB flash drive should have enough space to fit the BackTrack Linux ISO file <li>Format USB flash drive to file system FAT32 <li>Download an utility UNetbootin (<a href="http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/">http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/</a>) to create a bootable Live USB. <li>Launch UNetbootin and burn the iso file into USB flash drive. <li>The following screen shows UNetbootin usage:<br><br><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-kEcca3K1cXY/TrzZEAYFP1I/AAAAAAAAAwY/7ggnRORrfg4/s1600-h/Capture%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="Capture" border="0" alt="Capture" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-49rdVNIyEpo/TrzZFBr3f7I/AAAAAAAAAwg/FpC99TR09Js/Capture_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="544" height="402"></a>&nbsp;<br> <li>Once done, configure machine to boot from USB storage, plug in USB flash drive and boot the machine <li>BackTrack Linux should be ready to use after booting</li></ol> <h1>Boot BackTrack via PXE</h1> <p>PXE booting is another interesting configuration that may boot system from network.</p> <ol> <li>Mount BackTrack ISO file to extract two files requires for PXE booting: initrd.gz and vmlinuz <br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">-bash-<span style="color: #c00000">4</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span>$ ls <span style="color: #40015a">/mnt/iso/bt5/casper</span><span style="color: #40015a">/</span> -al total <span style="color: #c00000">2030472</span> dr-xr-xr-x <span style="color: #c00000">2</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">2048</span> Aug <span style="color: #c00000">18</span> <span style="color: #c00000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">37</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> dr-xr-xr-x <span style="color: #c00000">6</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">2048</span> Aug <span style="color: #c00000">18</span> <span style="color: #c00000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">48</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> -r--r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">46099</span> Aug <span style="color: #c00000">18</span> <span style="color: #c00000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">37</span> filesystem<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>manifest -r--r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">45951</span> Aug <span style="color: #c00000">18</span> <span style="color: #c00000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">37</span> filesystem<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>manifest-desktop -r--r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">10</span> Mar <span style="color: #c00000">6</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2011</span> filesystem<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>size -r-xr-xr-x <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">2023530496</span> Aug <span style="color: #c00000">18</span> <span style="color: #c00000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">48</span> filesystem<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>squashfs -r--r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">17036519</span> Aug <span style="color: #c00000">18</span> <span style="color: #c00000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">18</span> initrdf<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>gz -r--r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">17036173</span> Aug <span style="color: #c00000">18</span> <span style="color: #c00000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">18</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">initrd<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>gz</font> -r--r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">17038433</span> Aug <span style="color: #c00000">18</span> <span style="color: #c00000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">18</span> initrds<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>gz -r--r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">200</span> Mar <span style="color: #c00000">6</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2011</span> README<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>diskdefines -r--r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">4462512</span> Aug <span style="color: #c00000">18</span> <span style="color: #c00000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">18</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">vmlinuz</font> </pre> <li>Copy initrd.gz and vmlinuz to TFTP boot folder.&nbsp; The following shows BackTrack 4 and 5 TFTP boot folder:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">-bash-<span style="color: #c00000">4</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span>$ ls -gGal bt<span style="color: #806030">*</span> bt4<span style="color: #806030">:</span> total <span style="color: #c00000">12948</span> drwxr-xr-x <span style="color: #c00000">2</span> <span style="color: #c00000">4096</span> Jul <span style="color: #c00000">22</span> <span style="color: #c00000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">35</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> drwxr-xr-x <span style="color: #c00000">26</span> <span style="color: #c00000">4096</span> Nov <span style="color: #c00000">3</span> <span style="color: #c00000">17</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">15</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> -r--r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> <span style="color: #c00000">8555925</span> Jan <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2010</span> initrd<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>gz -r--r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> <span style="color: #c00000">4690640</span> Dec <span style="color: #c00000">14</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2009</span> vmlinuz bt5<span style="color: #806030">:</span> total <span style="color: #c00000">21008</span> drwxr-xr-x <span style="color: #c00000">2</span> <span style="color: #c00000">4096</span> Jul <span style="color: #c00000">23</span> <span style="color: #c00000">07</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">43</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> drwxr-xr-x <span style="color: #c00000">26</span> <span style="color: #c00000">4096</span> Nov <span style="color: #c00000">3</span> <span style="color: #c00000">17</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">15</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> -r--r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> <span style="color: #c00000">17036173</span> Oct <span style="color: #c00000">15</span> <span style="color: #c00000">09</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">29</span> initrd<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>gz -r--r--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> <span style="color: #c00000">4462512</span> Oct <span style="color: #c00000">15</span> <span style="color: #c00000">09</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">29</span> vmlinuz</pre> <li>Mount BackTrack ISO file and setup NFS access to the mount point.&nbsp; <li>Configure PXE boot configuration file:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">label BackTrack <span style="color: #c00000">4</span> menu label Backtrack Linux <span style="color: #c00000">4</span> kernel <span style="color: #40015a">bt4/vmlinuz</span> append initrd<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #40015a">bt4/initrd.gz</span> BOOT<span style="color: #806030">=</span>casper boot<span style="color: #806030">=</span>casper nopersistent rw quite vga<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #c00000">0x317</span> netboot<span style="color: #806030">=</span>nfs nfsroot<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #c00000">192</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">168</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/mnt/bt4</span> label BackTrack <span style="color: #c00000">5</span> menu label Backtrack Linux <span style="color: #c00000">5</span> kernel <span style="color: #40015a">bt5/vmlinuz</span> append initrd<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #40015a">bt5/initrd.gz</span> boot<span style="color: #806030">=</span>casper text vga<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #c00000">791</span> netboot<span style="color: #806030">=</span>nfs nfsroot<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #c00000">192</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">168</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">/mnt/bt5</span></pre> <li>Configure machine to Boot from PXE and select BackTrack item to boot BackTrack Linux</li></ol> <h1>Install BackTrack to Local Storage</h1> <ol> <li>Boot BackTrack Linux and start GUI interface by typing “startx” in shell prompt:<br><br><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-V1edN7Iykwo/TrzZP0-H3CI/AAAAAAAAAwo/QFl03mfJ2rQ/s1600-h/2%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="2" border="0" alt="2" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-qtu3n-tgDmA/TrzZZ9ZixcI/AAAAAAAAAww/VAJBDIUGsvM/2_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="804" height="604"></a><br> <li>Double click “Install BackTrack” icon on the screen to start install BackTrack to local storage</li></ol> <h1>Configure: Start DHCP client</h1> <p>Start ethernet adapter eth0 with DHCP client:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># dhclient eth0</span> </pre> <p>Configure eth0 to act as DHCP client permanently:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># cat /etc/network/interfaces</span> auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet <strong><font style="background-color: #ffff00">dhcp</font></strong> </pre> <h1>Configure: Enable SSH</h1> <p>Generate SSH RSA key pair for first use:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># sshd-generate</span> </pre> <p>To start ssh manually:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># service ssh start</span> </pre> <p><strong></strong></p> <p>Start SSH service when startup:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># update-rc.d -f ssh defaults</span></pre> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-5953833099079607866?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-35876489065328680992011-11-04T18:25:00.003+08:002011-11-11T17:47:16.811+08:00WAIK: Install Windows XP via WinPE<p>To install Windows XP via WinPE/PXE without DVD installation, Windows XP needs:</p> <ol> <li>A bootable partition <li>The partition contains the installation files</li></ol> <h1>Prepare Windows XP installation</h1> <ol> <li>Network boot bare bone machine and execute WinPE via PXE <li>Use “diskpart” to create and format the parition.&nbsp; Assign driver letter C: to the partition. <li>Run<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">X:\&gt; <font style="background-color: #ffff00">Bootsect.exe <span style="color: #806030">/</span>nt52 c<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">/</span>force <span style="color: #806030">/</span>mbr</font></pre> <li>Mount the Windows installation share:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">X:\&gt; <font style="background-color: #ffff00">net</font></span><font style="background-color: #ffff00"> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">use</span> s<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows<span style="color: #806030">-</span>xp<span style="color: #806030">-</span>setup<span style="color: #806030">-</span>folder<span style="color: #e60000">"&gt;\Windows-xp-setup-folder"</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows<span style="color: #806030">-</span>xp<span style="color: #806030">-</span>setup<span style="color: #806030">-</span>folder"<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>&lt;server&gt;<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows<span style="color: #806030">-</span>xp<span style="color: #806030">-</span>setup<span style="color: #806030">-</span>folder</font></pre> <li>Prepare local installation files: <br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">X:\&gt; <font style="background-color: #ffff00">s<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>&lt;win-xp&gt;<span style="color: #806030">\</span>i386<span style="color: #806030">\</span>winnt32.exe <span style="color: #806030">/</span>syspart<span style="color: #806030">:</span>c<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">/</span>makelocalsource</font></pre> <li>Follow the screen instruction to enter proper information <li>After the files has been copied to hard drive, Winnt32.exe will exit and back to WINPE <li>Type "Exit" to restart PC <li>Windows XP installation will continue as usual </li></ol> <h1>Unattended Windows XP installation </h1> <ol> <li>Prepare unattend answer file:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #806030">;</span>SetupMgrTag <span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #e60000">Data</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> AutoPartition<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #c00000">1</span> MsDosInitiated<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #e60000">"0"</span> UnattendedInstall<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #e60000">"Yes"</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span><span style="color: #e60000">Unattended</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> UnattendMode<span style="color: #806030">=</span>FullUnattended OemSkipEula<span style="color: #806030">=</span>Yes Setting OemPreInstall<span style="color: #806030">=</span>Yes is necessary <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">if</span> you create an $OEM$ directory under <span style="color: #0f6900">\i</span>386 to copy files to the target PC <span style="color: #40015a">and/or</span> are using a cmdlines<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>txt file<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> If you aren<span style="color: #e60000">'t copying files to the target PC or using a cmdlines.txt file,</span> <span style="color: #e60000">then set it to No</span> <span style="color: #e60000">OemPreinstall=Yes</span> <span style="color: #e60000">TargetPath=\WINDOWS</span> <span style="color: #e60000">The 2 lines below are used to convert the file system to NTFS</span> <span style="color: #e60000">and then extend the boot/system partition an extra 4GB.</span> <span style="color: #e60000">FileSystem=ConvertNTFS</span> <span style="color: #e60000">ExtendOEMPartition=4000</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[GuiUnattended]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">AdminPassword="happyday"</span> <span style="color: #e60000">EncryptedAdminPassword=NO</span> <span style="color: #e60000">OEMSkipRegional=1</span> <span style="color: #e60000">TimeZone=35</span> <span style="color: #e60000">OemSkipWelcome=1</span> <span style="color: #e60000">The following 2 lines tell setup to login 1 time automatically after</span> <span style="color: #e60000">the installation has finished. Setup will only use the local Administrator</span> <span style="color: #e60000">account to login</span> <span style="color: #e60000">AutoLogon=Yes</span> <span style="color: #e60000">AutoLogonCount=1</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[UserData]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">You could add a ComputerName= line in this section. However,</span> <span style="color: #e60000">if you are installing multiple PCs, and since each PC needs a</span> <span style="color: #e60000">unique computer name, leaving out this line causes Setup to prompt</span> <span style="color: #e60000">you for a computer name. Alternatively, you could use a UDF file to provide</span> <span style="color: #e60000">unique user information.</span> <span style="color: #e60000">ProductID=xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx</span> <span style="color: #e60000">FullName="Jane Doe"</span> <span style="color: #e60000">OrgName="Widgets"</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[Display]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">BitsPerPel=32</span> <span style="color: #e60000">Xresolution=1024</span> <span style="color: #e60000">YResolution=768</span> <span style="color: #e60000">Vrefresh=75</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[Components]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">This section is where you tell XP to not install certain components.</span> <span style="color: #e60000">The line below tells XP not to install MSN Explorer.</span> <span style="color: #e60000">msnexplr=off</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[TapiLocation]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">CountryCode=1</span> <span style="color: #e60000">Dialing=Tone</span> <span style="color: #e60000">AreaCode=305</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[RegionalSettings]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">LanguageGroup=1</span> <span style="color: #e60000">Language=00000409</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[Branding]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">BrandIEUsingUnattended=Yes</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[URL]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">Home_Page=www.svrops.com</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[Proxy]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">Proxy_Enable=0</span> <span style="color: #e60000">Use_Same_Proxy=1</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[Identification]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">This section joins your PC to the domain indicated, creates a computer</span> <span style="color: #e60000">account and uses the username and password indicated to create the account.</span> <span style="color: #e60000">JoinDomain=MYDOMAIN.com</span> <span style="color: #e60000">CreateComputerAccountInDomain=Yes</span> <span style="color: #e60000">DomainAdmin=msmith</span> <span style="color: #e60000">DomainAdminPassword=password</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[Networking]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">This section and the ones to follow were generated by Setup Manager.</span> <span style="color: #e60000">They describe what networking protocols and components to install.</span> <span style="color: #e60000">InstallDefaultComponents=No</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[NetAdapters]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">Adapter1=params.Adapter1</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[params.Adapter1]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">INFID=*</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[NetClients]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">MS_MSClient=params.MS_MSClient</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[NetServices]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">MS_SERVER=params.MS_SERVER</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[NetProtocols]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">MS_TCPIP=params.MS_TCPIP</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[params.MS_TCPIP]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">DNS=Yes</span> <span style="color: #e60000">UseDomainNameDevolution=No</span> <span style="color: #e60000">EnableLMHosts=Yes</span> <span style="color: #e60000">AdapterSections=params.MS_TCPIP.Adapter1</span> <span style="color: #e60000"></span> <span style="color: #e60000">[params.MS_TCPIP.Adapter1]</span> <span style="color: #e60000">SpecificTo=Adapter1</span> <span style="color: #e60000">DHCP=Yes</span> <span style="color: #e60000">WINS=No</span> <span style="color: #e60000">NetBIOSOptions=0</span></pre></li> <li>Install Windows XP with unattend answer file:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><font style="background-color: #ffff00">s<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #0f6900">\&lt;</span>win-xp<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span><span style="color: #0f6900">\i</span>386<span style="color: #0f6900">\w</span>innt32<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>exe <span style="color: #40015a">/syspart</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>c<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #40015a">/makelocalsource</span> <span style="color: #40015a">/unattend</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #40015a">un</span>attend<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>txt</font></pre></li></ol> <h1>Troubleshoot: "setup cannot load the keyboard layout file kbdus.dll" </h1> <p>If you encounter errors during the installation (e.g.: "setup cannot load the keyboard layout file kbdus.dll"), please make sure the installation partition is not hidden if you have hide it unintentionally. </p> <p>To check if the partition is hidden: </p> <ul> <li>diskpart <li>select disk 0 <li>select part 1 <li>detail part </li></ul> <p>To unhide the volume: </p> <ul> <li>diskpart <li>select disk 0 <li>select part 1 <li>attributes volume clear hidden </li></ul> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-3587648906532868099?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-81182671917531826372011-11-04T18:25:00.001+08:002011-11-04T18:25:22.193+08:00WAIK: Deploy WinPE via PXE<p>Additional configuration is required to make WinPE works well with PXE.</p> <h1>Prepare Boot Configuration file: BCD</h1> <p>Boot Configuration Data (BCD) contain information required by Windows boot kernel how to load Windows operating system.&nbsp; The following batch script shows how to prepare a single BCD that may boot from 4 available WinPE images:</p> <ol> <li>vista_x86.wim</li> <li>vista_x64.wim</li> <li>win7_x86.wim</li> <li>win7_x64.wim</li></ol> <p>These files should be keep in TFTP’s folder: /windows_pe/</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #806030">@</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">echo off</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">Del</span> BCD_PXE bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>createstore BCD_PXE bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span>create <span style="color: #806030">{</span>ramdiskoptions<span style="color: #806030">}</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span>ramdiskoptions<span style="color: #806030">}</span> ramdisksdidevice boot bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span>ramdiskoptions<span style="color: #806030">}</span> ramdisksdipath <span style="color: #806030">\</span>windows.pe<span style="color: #806030">\</span>boot.sdi bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span>create <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">88C83FCF</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">809E</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B72</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8921</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>D91E37DCD052<span style="color: #806030">}</span> <span style="color: #806030">/</span>application osloader <span style="color: #806030">/</span>d <span style="color: #e60000">"Windows Vista 32-bit PE"</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">88C83FCF</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">809E</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B72</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8921</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>D91E37DCD052<span style="color: #806030">}</span> systemroot <span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">88C83FCF</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">809E</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B72</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8921</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>D91E37DCD052<span style="color: #806030">}</span> detecthal Yes bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">88C83FCF</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">809E</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B72</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8921</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>D91E37DCD052<span style="color: #806030">}</span> winpe Yes bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">88C83FCF</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">809E</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B72</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8921</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>D91E37DCD052<span style="color: #806030">}</span> osdevice ramdisk<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #806030">[</span>boot<span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>windows.pe<span style="color: #806030">\</span>vista_x86.wim<span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>ramdiskoptions<span style="color: #806030">}</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">88C83FCF</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">809E</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B72</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8921</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>D91E37DCD052<span style="color: #806030">}</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">device</span> ramdisk<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #806030">[</span>boot<span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>windows.pe<span style="color: #806030">\</span>vista_x86.wim<span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>ramdiskoptions<span style="color: #806030">}</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span>create <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">7A213FBD</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">69BE</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B3F</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>B08C<span style="color: #806030">-</span>B9A94CD929AC<span style="color: #806030">}</span> <span style="color: #806030">/</span>application osloader <span style="color: #806030">/</span>d <span style="color: #e60000">"Windows Vista 64-bit PE"</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">7A213FBD</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">69BE</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B3F</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>B08C<span style="color: #806030">-</span>B9A94CD929AC<span style="color: #806030">}</span> systemroot <span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">7A213FBD</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">69BE</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B3F</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>B08C<span style="color: #806030">-</span>B9A94CD929AC<span style="color: #806030">}</span> detecthal Yes bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">7A213FBD</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">69BE</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B3F</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>B08C<span style="color: #806030">-</span>B9A94CD929AC<span style="color: #806030">}</span> winpe Yes bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">7A213FBD</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">69BE</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B3F</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>B08C<span style="color: #806030">-</span>B9A94CD929AC<span style="color: #806030">}</span> osdevice ramdisk<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #806030">[</span>boot<span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>windows.pe<span style="color: #806030">\</span>vista_x64.wim<span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>ramdiskoptions<span style="color: #806030">}</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">7A213FBD</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">69BE</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B3F</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>B08C<span style="color: #806030">-</span>B9A94CD929AC<span style="color: #806030">}</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">device</span> ramdisk<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #806030">[</span>boot<span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>windows.pe<span style="color: #806030">\</span>vista_x64.wim<span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>ramdiskoptions<span style="color: #806030">}</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span>create <span style="color: #806030">{</span>A5A5F300<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04D4</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4D98</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">9FD3</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">57E2E00E58D0</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> <span style="color: #806030">/</span>application osloader <span style="color: #806030">/</span>d <span style="color: #e60000">"Windows 7 32-bit PE"</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span>A5A5F300<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04D4</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4D98</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">9FD3</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">57E2E00E58D0</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> systemroot <span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span>A5A5F300<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04D4</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4D98</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">9FD3</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">57E2E00E58D0</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> detecthal Yes bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span>A5A5F300<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04D4</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4D98</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">9FD3</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">57E2E00E58D0</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> winpe Yes bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span>A5A5F300<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04D4</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4D98</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">9FD3</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">57E2E00E58D0</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> osdevice ramdisk<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #806030">[</span>boot<span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>windows.pe<span style="color: #806030">\</span>win7_x86.wim<span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>ramdiskoptions<span style="color: #806030">}</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span>A5A5F300<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04D4</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4D98</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">9FD3</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">57E2E00E58D0</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">device</span> ramdisk<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #806030">[</span>boot<span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>windows.pe<span style="color: #806030">\</span>win7_x86.wim<span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>ramdiskoptions<span style="color: #806030">}</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span>create <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0341BB74</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>EF1A<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">463C</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8AFB</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4025472EC7DB</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> <span style="color: #806030">/</span>application osloader <span style="color: #806030">/</span>d <span style="color: #e60000">"Windows 7 64-bit PE"</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0341BB74</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>EF1A<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">463C</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8AFB</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4025472EC7DB</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> systemroot <span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0341BB74</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>EF1A<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">463C</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8AFB</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4025472EC7DB</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> detecthal Yes bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0341BB74</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>EF1A<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">463C</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8AFB</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4025472EC7DB</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> winpe Yes bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0341BB74</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>EF1A<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">463C</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8AFB</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4025472EC7DB</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> osdevice ramdisk<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #806030">[</span>boot<span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>windows.pe<span style="color: #806030">\</span>win7_x64.wim<span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>ramdiskoptions<span style="color: #806030">}</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0341BB74</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>EF1A<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">463C</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8AFB</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4025472EC7DB</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">device</span> ramdisk<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #806030">[</span>boot<span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>windows.pe<span style="color: #806030">\</span>win7_x64.wim<span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #806030">{</span>ramdiskoptions<span style="color: #806030">}</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span>create <span style="color: #806030">{</span>bootmgr<span style="color: #806030">}</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">set</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span>bootmgr<span style="color: #806030">}</span> timeout <span style="color: #8c0000">10</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span>displayorder <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">88C83FCF</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">809E</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B72</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8921</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>D91E37DCD052<span style="color: #806030">}</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">7A213FBD</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">69BE</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4B3F</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>B08C<span style="color: #806030">-</span>B9A94CD929AC<span style="color: #806030">}</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span>A5A5F300<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04D4</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4D98</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">9FD3</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">57E2E00E58D0</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0341BB74</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>EF1A<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">463C</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8AFB</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4025472EC7DB</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span> bcdedit <span style="color: #806030">/</span>store BCD_PXE <span style="color: #806030">/</span>default <span style="color: #806030">{</span><span style="color: #8c0000">0341BB74</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>EF1A<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">463C</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8AFB</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4025472EC7DB</span><span style="color: #806030">}</span></pre> <p>Execute the batch file should yield a new file: BCD_PXE.&nbsp; We need this file in later stage</p> <h1>Files required by Windows PXE Boot Kernel</h1> <p>Windows PXE kernel requires the following files to boot WinPE properly:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># ls -l windows.pe</span> total <span style="color: #c00000">829716</span> -rwxr--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">24576</span> Nov <span style="color: #c00000">3</span> <span style="color: #c00000">16</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">55</span> BCD -r-xr--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">523328</span> Jul <span style="color: #c00000">14</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2009</span> bootmgr<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>exe -r-xr--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">3170304</span> Jun <span style="color: #c00000">10</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2009</span> boot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>sdi drwxr-xr-x <span style="color: #c00000">2</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">4096</span> Nov <span style="color: #c00000">3</span> <span style="color: #c00000">17</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">12</span> fonts lrwxrwxrwx <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">11</span> Nov <span style="color: #c00000">4</span> <span style="color: #c00000">16</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">33</span> pxeboot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #c00000">0</span> -<span style="color: #e34adc">&gt;</span> pxeboot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>n12 -r-xr--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">25772</span> Jun <span style="color: #c00000">11</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2009</span> pxeboot<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>n12 -rwxr--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">201179410</span> Nov <span style="color: #c00000">3</span> <span style="color: #c00000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">46</span> vista_x64<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>wim -rwxr--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">182745379</span> Jan <span style="color: #c00000">23</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2008</span> vista_x86<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>wim -r-xr--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">168390841</span> Jul <span style="color: #c00000">14</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2009</span> win7_re_x64<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>wim -r-xr--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">145287084</span> Nov <span style="color: #c00000">20</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2010</span> win7_re_x86<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>wim -rwxr--r-- <span style="color: #c00000">1</span> root root <span style="color: #c00000">148246498</span> Nov <span style="color: #c00000">3</span> <span style="color: #c00000">18</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #c00000">04</span> win7_x64<span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span>wim</pre> <h2>File: BCD</h2> <p>BCD file should configure via BCDEdit tool.&nbsp; The above batch script generate a BCD file with file name BCD_PXE.&nbsp; Rename it to BCD and keep in TFTP folder</p> <h2>File: bootmgr.exe, pxeboot.n12</h2> <p>Obtain from mounted WinPE image: &lt;mount-dir&gt;\Windows\Boot\PXE</p> <h2>File: boot.sdi</h2> <p>Obtain from mounted WinPE image: &lt;mount-dir&gt;\Windows\Boot\DVD\PCAT</p> <h2>Folder: fonts</h2> <p>Obtain from mounted WinPE image: &lt;mount-dir&gt;\Windows\Boot\Fonts</p> <h1></h1> <h2></h2> <h2>File: *.wim</h2> <p>WinPE images.&nbsp; Prepared by WAIK tools.</p> <h1>Configure PXE Service </h1> <h2>Windows PXE boot kernel file</h2> <p>The default Windows PXE boot kernel file has named as “pxeboot.n12”.&nbsp; PXELinux requires Windows PXE boot kernel with suffix of .0 instead of .n12, use </p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># ln -s pxeboot.n12 pxeboot.0</span></pre> <h2>PXE menus</h2> <p>Add a menu entry in pxelinux configuration that boot Windows PXE boot Kernel:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ cat /var/lib/tftpboot/<span style="color: #40015a">pxelinux.cfg/default</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> LABEL WINDOWS_PE menu label ^Windows Preinstallation Exnvironment kernel <span style="color: #40015a">windows.pe/pxeboot.0</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">.</span> </pre> <h2>TFTP server file name remapping: /var/lib/tftpboot/rules</h2> <p>Windows PXE boot kernel requires files in specific location, use TFTP server file name remapping option to remap the file name to actual location.</p> <p>Locate TFTP rules file:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #c34e00"># cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp</span> service tftp <span style="color: #806030">{</span> disable <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> no socket_type <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> dgram protocol <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> udp <span style="color: #bb7977; font-weight: bold">wait</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> yes user <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> root server <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> <span style="color: #40015a">/usr/sbin/in.tftpd</span> server_args <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">-v</span> -m <span style="color: #40015a">/var/lib/tftpboot/rules</span> <span style="color: #44aadd">-s</span> <span style="color: #40015a">/var/lib/tftpboot</span> per_source <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> <span style="color: #c00000">11</span> cps <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> <span style="color: #c00000">100</span> <span style="color: #c00000">2</span> flags <span style="color: #44aadd">=</span> IPv4 <span style="color: #806030">}</span> </pre> <p>Enable remapping as follow:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ cat /var/lib/tftpboot/rules rg <span style="color: #0f6900">\\</span> / <span style="color: #c34e00"># convert backslashes to slashes (useful for windows file names)</span> r ^bootmgr<span style="color: #0f6900">\.</span>exe <span style="color: #40015a">/windows.pe/bootmgr.exe</span> r ^<span style="color: #40015a">/Boot</span> <span style="color: #40015a">/windows.pe</span></pre> <p>Try boot a bare bone machine with network PXE enabled and see if the Windows PXE kernel and WinPE files boot properly</p> <h1>Reference</h1> <ol> <li>h<a href="http://solitudo.net/blah/posts/Create_Windows_PE_rescue_and_installation_images_using_WAIK_for_Windows_7_and_configure_Linux_boot_server_for_PXE_booting_the_images/">ttp://solitudo.net/blah/posts/Create_Windows_PE_rescue_and_installation_images_using_WAIK_for_Windows_7_and_configure_Linux_boot_server_for_PXE_booting_the_images/</a> </li></ol> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-8118267191753182637?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-58803212337123285792011-11-04T15:54:00.000+08:002011-12-02T09:59:38.458+08:00WAIK: Create Windows Pre-installation Environment image<p>Windows Pre-installation Environment (WinPE) is a lightweight version of Windows XP, Windows Server 2003 or Windows Vista that is used for the deployment of workstations and servers. It is intended as a 32-bit or 64-bit replacement for MS-DOS during the installation phase of Windows, and can be booted via PXE, CD-ROM, USB flash drive or hard disk.</p> <p>WinPE contains limited Windows API library that is enough for the installation of Windows operating system using familiar Windows GUI interface.</p> <h1>Windows Automated Installation Kit</h1> <p><a href="http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?id=10333">Windows Automated Installation Kit</a> (WAIK) is a free tool that may prepare a WinPE image.&nbsp; It has a GUI tool – Windows System Image Manager that allow user create an answer for unattended installation.&nbsp; Most usage of WAIK tools is via command line.&nbsp; Installation of WAIK is easy and straight forward.</p> <h1>Prepare a plain WinPE image</h1> <p>WinPE image is a file with extension .wim.&nbsp; In this example, we use a WAIK command line tools to create WinPE image.&nbsp; There is a special console shell available in WAIK tools: “<strong>Deployment Tools Command Prompt</strong>”</p> <p><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-YRzHGB77_sE/TrOZSwZiL7I/AAAAAAAAAwI/gW0BdDC5F_0/s1600-h/capture3.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="capture" border="0" alt="capture" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-V0UPrNkIbE4/TrOZT8LXtCI/AAAAAAAAAwQ/PHTQJ5xQXcI/capture_thumb1.png?imgmax=800" width="255" height="243"></a></p> <p>To create a plain WinPE x86 image, simply run:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">copype x86 c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86</font></pre>A new WinPE image is created in the folder: <br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\&gt;</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">dir</span> Volume <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">in</span> drive C has no <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">label</span>. Volume Serial Number is <span style="color: #8c0000">1848</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">9FE0</span> Directory of C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86 <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">17</span> AM &lt;DIR&gt; . <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">17</span> AM &lt;DIR&gt; .. <span style="color: #8c0000">06</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">10</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2009</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">02</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">14</span> PM <span style="color: #8c0000">4</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">096</span> etfsboot.com <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">17</span> AM &lt;DIR&gt; ISO <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">17</span> AM &lt;DIR&gt; mount <span style="color: #8c0000">07</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2009</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">07</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">51</span> PM <span style="color: #8c0000">114</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">088</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">185</span> winpe.wim <span style="color: #8c0000">2</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">File</span><span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">114</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">092</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">281</span> bytes <span style="color: #8c0000">4</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">Dir</span><span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">22</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">600</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">298</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">496</span> bytes free </pre> <p>The copype command support create x86, amd64 and ia64 WinPE image:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\&gt;</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">copype</font> Usage<span style="color: #806030">:</span> copype <span style="color: #806030">[</span>x86 <span style="color: #806030">|</span> amd64 <span style="color: #806030">|</span> ia64<span style="color: #806030">]</span> destination Example<span style="color: #806030">:</span> copype x86 c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>windowspe<span style="color: #806030">-</span>x86</pre> <h1>Mount and Un-mount a WinPE image</h1> <p>An administrator privilege access is required to mount a WinPE image.&nbsp; Run “<strong>Deployment Tools Command Prompt</strong>” as administrator, and use imagex to mount the WinPE image:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">imagex <span style="color: #806030">/</span>mount winpe.wim <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> mount</font> ImageX Tool <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">for</span> Windows Copyright <span style="color: #806030">(</span>C<span style="color: #806030">)</span> Microsoft Corp. All rights reserved. Version<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">6</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">1</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">7600</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">16385</span> Mounting<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe.wim<span style="color: #806030">,</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>mount<span style="color: #806030">]</span>... <span style="color: #806030">[</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">100</span>% <span style="color: #806030">]</span> Mounting progress Successfully mounted image. Total elapsed <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">time</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">8</span> sec </pre> <p>The contents in WinPE image looks like normal Windows installation:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00"><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">dir</span> mount</font> Volume <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">in</span> drive C has no <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">label</span>. Volume Serial Number is <span style="color: #8c0000">1848</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">9FE0</span> Directory of C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>mount <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">12</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">44</span> PM &lt;DIR&gt; . <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">12</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">44</span> PM &lt;DIR&gt; .. <span style="color: #8c0000">07</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">14</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2009</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">10</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04</span> AM &lt;DIR&gt; Program <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">Files</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">07</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">14</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2009</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">10</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">03</span> AM &lt;DIR&gt; Users <span style="color: #8c0000">07</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">14</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2009</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">10</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">51</span> AM &lt;DIR&gt; Windows <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">File</span><span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span> bytes <span style="color: #8c0000">5</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">Dir</span><span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">22</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">594</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">248</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">704</span> bytes free </pre> <p>To unmount the WinPE image, run</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">imagex <span style="color: #806030">/</span>unmount mount</font> ImageX Tool <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">for</span> Windows Copyright <span style="color: #806030">(</span>C<span style="color: #806030">)</span> Microsoft Corp. All rights reserved. Version<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">6</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">1</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">7600</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">16385</span> Unmounting<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>mount<span style="color: #806030">]</span>... <span style="color: #806030">[</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">100</span>% <span style="color: #806030">]</span> Mount cleanup progress Successfully unmounted image. Total elapsed <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">time</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">7</span> sec</pre> <h1>Make changes to WinPE image</h1> <p>Follow the steps to make changes to WinPE image:</p> <ol> <li>Mount WinPE image using “/mountrw” switch <li>Make necessary changes <li>Unmount and commit changes using “/commit” switch</li></ol> <h1>Prepare a WinPE image with Windows Recovery Environment</h1> <p>The plain WinPE image doesn’t contain Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE).&nbsp; The WinPE with WinRE allows us to recover damage or corrupt Windows installation.&nbsp; It is a handy environment for system administrator.</p> <p>The windows installation DVD or ISO image file include Windows Recovery Environment WinPE image.&nbsp; We may grep a ready WinPE image from it.</p> <p>Locate a file install.wim under DVD:\\sources folder of installation tree:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00"><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">dir</span> d<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>sources<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">install</span>.wim</font> Volume <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">in</span> drive D is GSP1RMCULFRER_EN_DVD Volume Serial Number is FE46<span style="color: #806030">-</span>C76E Directory of d<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>sources <span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">12</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">47</span> AM <span style="color: #8c0000">2</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">249</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">015</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">826</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">install</span>.wim <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">File</span><span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">2</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">249</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">015</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">826</span> bytes <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">Dir</span><span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span> bytes free </pre> <p>Mount the install.wim in a new created folder os_install:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00"><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">mkdir</span> os_install</font> C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">imagex <span style="color: #806030">/</span>mount d<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>sources<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">install</span>.wim <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> os_install</font> ImageX Tool <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">for</span> Windows Copyright <span style="color: #806030">(</span>C<span style="color: #806030">)</span> Microsoft Corp. All rights reserved. Version<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">6</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">1</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">7600</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">16385</span> Mounting<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>d<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>sources<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">install</span>.wim<span style="color: #806030">,</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>os_install<span style="color: #806030">]</span>... <span style="color: #806030">[</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">100</span>% <span style="color: #806030">]</span> Mounting progress Successfully mounted image. Total elapsed <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">time</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">45</span> sec </pre> <p>Locate WinPE image of Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE.wim):</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00"><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">dir</span> os_install<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Recovery</font> Volume <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">in</span> drive C has no <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">label</span>. Volume Serial Number is <span style="color: #8c0000">1848</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">9FE0</span> Directory of C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>os_install<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Recovery <span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">12</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">10</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">17</span> AM &lt;DIR&gt; . <span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">12</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">10</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">17</span> AM &lt;DIR&gt; .. <span style="color: #8c0000">06</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2009</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">05</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">33</span> AM <span style="color: #8c0000">660</span> ReAgent.xml <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">20</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2010</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">09</span> PM <span style="color: #8c0000">145</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">287</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">084</span> winRE.wim <span style="color: #8c0000">2</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">File</span><span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">145</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">287</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">744</span> bytes <span style="color: #8c0000">2</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">Dir</span><span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">22</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">371</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">160</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">064</span> bytes free </pre> <p>Copy WinRE.wim to serve as base WinPE image:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00"><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">copy</span> os_install<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Recovery<span style="color: #806030">\</span>winRE.wim</font> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">file</span><span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> copied. C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold"><font style="background-color: #ffff00">dir</font></span> Volume <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">in</span> drive C has no <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">label</span>. Volume Serial Number is <span style="color: #8c0000">1848</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">9FE0</span> Directory of C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86 <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">02</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> PM &lt;DIR&gt; . <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">02</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">28</span> PM &lt;DIR&gt; .. <span style="color: #8c0000">06</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">10</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2009</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">02</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">14</span> PM <span style="color: #8c0000">4</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">096</span> etfsboot.com <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">12</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">27</span> PM &lt;DIR&gt; ISO <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">12</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">48</span> PM &lt;DIR&gt; mount <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">04</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">02</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">22</span> PM &lt;DIR&gt; os_install <span style="color: #8c0000">07</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">13</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2009</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">07</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">51</span> PM <span style="color: #8c0000">114</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">088</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">185</span> winpe.wim <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">20</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2010</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">09</span> PM <span style="color: #8c0000">145</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">287</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">084</span> winRE.wim <span style="color: #8c0000">3</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">File</span><span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">259</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">379</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">365</span> bytes <span style="color: #8c0000">5</span> <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">Dir</span><span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">22</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">225</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">870</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span><span style="color: #8c0000">848</span> bytes free </pre> <p>Unmount os_install:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">imagex <span style="color: #806030">/</span>unmount os_install</font> ImageX Tool <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">for</span> Windows Copyright <span style="color: #806030">(</span>C<span style="color: #806030">)</span> Microsoft Corp. All rights reserved. Version<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">6</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">1</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">7600</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">16385</span> Unmounting<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>os_install<span style="color: #806030">]</span>... <span style="color: #806030">[</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">100</span>% <span style="color: #806030">]</span> Mount cleanup progress Successfully unmounted image. Total elapsed <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">time</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">4</span> sec</pre> <h1>Disable Windows Recovery Environment on start-up</h1> <p>WinRE.wim starts Windows Recovery Environment by default.&nbsp; To disable it, make changes to “\windows\system32\winpeshl.ini” in WinRE.wim:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00"><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">type</span> mount<span style="color: #806030">\</span>windows<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpeshl.ini</font> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>LaunchApp<span style="color: #806030">]</span> AppPath<span style="color: #806030">=</span>X<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>sources<span style="color: #806030">\</span>recovery<span style="color: #806030">\</span>recenv.exe</pre> <p>Make it start command prompt by default: </p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #806030">[</span>LaunchApps<span style="color: #806030">]</span> %SYSTEMROOT%<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span>wpeinit.exe %SYSTEMROOT%<span style="color: #806030">\</span>System32<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">cmd</span>.exe</pre> <p>You may manually execute</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">X<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">%SYSTEMDRIVE%<span style="color: #806030">\</span>sources<span style="color: #806030">\</span>recovery<span style="color: #806030">\</span>recenv.exe</font> </pre> <p>to run Windows Recovery Environment via command prompt:</p> <h1>Add drivers into WinPE image</h1> <p>Both the plain or WinRE WinPE image contain basic drivers that is just enough to boot up machine.&nbsp; In network deployment environment, the network adapters is an important devices that should be configured once boot up with WinPE or else the subsequent network operation will fail.</p> <p>Assume we have some drivers ready in folder c:\winpe_x86\drivers:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">dir drivers</font> Volume in drive C has no label<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Volume Serial Number is <span style="color: #8c0000">1848</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>9FE0 Directory of C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>drivers <span style="color: #009797">11/04/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">02:45 PM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #009797">11/04/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">02:45 PM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #009797">11/04/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">02:45 PM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> Driver<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Win7<span style="color: #806030">_</span>7027<span style="color: #806030">_</span>10202010 <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span> File<span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span> bytes <span style="color: #8c0000">3</span> Dir<span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">22,304</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,944</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,128</span> bytes free </pre> <p>Mount WinPE image as Read-Write mode:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">imagex <span style="color: #806030">/</span>mountrw winre<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>wim <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> mount</font> ImageX Tool for Windows Copyright <span style="color: #806030">(</span>C<span style="color: #806030">)</span> Microsoft Corp<span style="color: #806030">.</span> All rights reserved<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Version<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #009797">6.1.7600</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.16385</span> Mounting<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>winre<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>wim<span style="color: #806030">,</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> <span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>mount<span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">100</span><span style="color: #806030">%</span> <span style="color: #806030">]</span> Mounting progress Successfully mounted image<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Total elapsed time<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">8</span> sec </pre> <p>Use dism command to add a driver:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">dism <span style="color: #806030">/</span>image<span style="color: #806030">:</span>c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>mount <span style="color: #806030">/</span>add<span style="color: #806030">-</span>driver<span style="color: #806030">:</span>C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>drivers<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Dri ver<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Win7<span style="color: #806030">_</span>7027<span style="color: #806030">_</span>10202010<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Driver<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Win7<span style="color: #806030">_</span>7027<span style="color: #806030">_</span>10202010<span style="color: #806030">\</span>WIN7<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #8c0000">32</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>rt86win7<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>inf</font> Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool Version<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #009797">6.1.7600</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.16385</span> Image Version<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #009797">6.1.7601</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.17514</span> Found <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> driver package<span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> to install<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Installing <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> of <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> <span style="color: #806030">-</span> C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>drivers<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Driver<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Win7<span style="color: #806030">_</span>7027<span style="color: #806030">_</span>10202010<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Driver<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Win7<span style="color: #806030">_</span>7 027<span style="color: #806030">_</span>10202010<span style="color: #806030">\</span>WIN7<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #8c0000">32</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>rt86win7<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>inf<span style="color: #806030">:</span> The driver package was successfully installed <span style="color: #806030">.</span> The operation completed successfully<span style="color: #806030">.</span> </pre> <p>Use “/recurse” switch to add all drivers at once:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">dism <span style="color: #806030">/</span>image<span style="color: #806030">:</span>c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>mount <span style="color: #806030">/</span>add<span style="color: #806030">-</span>driver<span style="color: #806030">:</span>C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>drivers <span style="color: #806030">/</span>recurse</font></pre> <p>Unmount and commit WinPE image:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">imagex <span style="color: #806030">/</span>unmount <span style="color: #806030">/</span>commit mount</font> ImageX Tool <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">for</span> Windows Copyright <span style="color: #806030">(</span>C<span style="color: #806030">)</span> Microsoft Corp. All rights reserved. Version<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">6</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">1</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">7600</span>.<span style="color: #8c0000">16385</span> Committing<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>mount<span style="color: #806030">]</span>... <span style="color: #806030">[</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">100</span>% <span style="color: #806030">]</span> Committing Image progress Successfully committed image. Unmounting<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe_x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>mount<span style="color: #806030">]</span>... <span style="color: #806030">[</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">100</span>% <span style="color: #806030">]</span> Mount cleanup progress Successfully unmounted image. Total elapsed <span style="color: #400000; font-weight: bold">time</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">13</span> sec</pre> <h1>List available drivers in WinPE</h1><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">dism <span style="color: #806030">/</span>image<span style="color: #806030">:</span>c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>mount <span style="color: #806030">/</span>get<span style="color: #806030">-</span>drivers</font> Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool Version<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #009797">6.1.7600</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.16385</span> Image Version<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #009797">6.1.7601</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.17514</span> Obtaining list of 3rd party drivers from the driver store<span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> Driver packages listing<span style="color: #806030">:</span> Published Name <span style="color: #806030">:</span> oem0<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>inf Original File Name <span style="color: #806030">:</span> rt86win7<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>inf Inbox <span style="color: #806030">:</span> No Class Name <span style="color: #806030">:</span> Net Provider Name <span style="color: #806030">:</span> Realtek Date <span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">9</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">20</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2010</span> Version <span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">7.27</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.920</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.2010</span> Published Name <span style="color: #806030">:</span> oem1<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>inf Original File Name <span style="color: #806030">:</span> rt64win7<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>inf Inbox <span style="color: #806030">:</span> No Class Name <span style="color: #806030">:</span> Net Provider Name <span style="color: #806030">:</span> Realtek Date <span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">9</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">20</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2010</span> Version <span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">7.27</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.920</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.2010</span> Published Name <span style="color: #806030">:</span> oem10<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>inf Original File Name <span style="color: #806030">:</span> ioatdma<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>inf Inbox <span style="color: #806030">:</span> No Class Name <span style="color: #806030">:</span> System Provider Name <span style="color: #806030">:</span> Intel Date <span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #009797">11/16/2009</span> Version <span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #009797">1.3.22</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span></pre> <h1>Remove a driver in WinPE image</h1><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>mount<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">dism <span style="color: #806030">/</span>image<span style="color: #806030">:</span>c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>mount <span style="color: #806030">/</span>Remove<span style="color: #806030">-</span>Driver <span style="color: #806030">/</span>Driver<span style="color: #806030">:</span>C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winp e<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x86<span style="color: #806030">\</span>drivers<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Driver<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Win7<span style="color: #806030">_</span>7027<span style="color: #806030">_</span>10202010<span style="color: #806030">\</span>Driver<span style="color: #806030">_</span>Win7<span style="color: #806030">_</span>7027<span style="color: #806030">_</span>10202010<span style="color: #806030">\</span>WIN7<span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #8c0000">32</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>rt86wi n7<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>inf</font> Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool Version<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #009797">6.1.7600</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.16385</span> Image Version<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #009797">6.1.7601</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.17514</span> Found <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> driver package<span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> to remove<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Removing <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> of <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> <span style="color: #806030">-</span> oem0<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>inf<span style="color: #806030">:</span> The driver package was successfully removed<span style="color: #806030">.</span> The operation completed successfully<span style="color: #806030">.</span></pre> <h1>Create a WinPE Bootable CD-ROM</h1> <ol> <li>CopyPE will create a folder ISO:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">dir</font> Volume in drive C has no label<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Volume Serial Number is <span style="color: #8c0000">1848</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>9FE0 Directory of c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64 <span style="color: #009797">12/02/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:23 AM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #009797">12/02/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:23 AM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #009797">07/13/2009</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">04:20 PM</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1,474</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,560</span> efisys<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>bin <span style="color: #009797">07/13/2009</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">04:20 PM</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1,474</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,560</span> efisys<span style="color: #806030">_</span>noprompt<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>bin <span style="color: #009797">06/10/2009</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">02:14 PM</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">4,096</span> etfsboot<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>com <span style="color: #009797">12/02/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:23 AM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">ISO</font> <span style="color: #009797">12/02/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:23 AM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> mount <span style="color: #009797">07/13/2009</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:13 PM</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">135,115</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,506</span> winpe<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>wim <span style="color: #8c0000">4</span> File<span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">138,068</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,722</span> bytes <span style="color: #8c0000">4</span> Dir<span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">26,488</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,061</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,952</span> bytes free</pre> <li>Copy WinPE image file into ISO\sources.&nbsp; Name the WinPE image file as <strong>boot.wim</strong>:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">copy c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>win7<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>wim iso<span style="color: #806030">\</span>sources<span style="color: #806030">\</span>boot<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>wim</font> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> file<span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> copied<span style="color: #806030">.</span> c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span>dir iso<span style="color: #806030">\</span>sources Volume in drive C has no label<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Volume Serial Number is <span style="color: #8c0000">1848</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>9FE0 Directory of c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64<span style="color: #806030">\</span>iso<span style="color: #806030">\</span>sources <span style="color: #009797">12/02/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:50 AM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #009797">12/02/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:50 AM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">11</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">29</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">05:11 PM</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">185,913</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,458</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">boot<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>wim</font> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> File<span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">185,913</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,458</span> bytes <span style="color: #8c0000">2</span> Dir<span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">26,302</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,144</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,512</span> bytes free</pre> <li>Create ISO image:<br><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">oscdimg <span style="color: #806030">-</span>n –bc:\winpe_x64\etfsboot<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>com c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64<span style="color: #806030">\</span>ISO winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>iso </font> OSCDIMG <span style="color: #8c0000">2.55</span> CD<span style="color: #806030">-</span>ROM and DVD<span style="color: #806030">-</span>ROM Premastering Utility Copyright <span style="color: #806030">(</span>C<span style="color: #806030">)</span> Microsoft<span style="color: #806030">,</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1993</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2007</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> All rights reserved<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Licensed only for producing Microsoft authorized content<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Scanning source tree Scanning source tree complete <span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #8c0000">21</span> files in <span style="color: #8c0000">9</span> directories<span style="color: #806030">)</span> Computing directory information complete Image file is <span style="color: #8c0000">218308608</span> bytes Writing <span style="color: #8c0000">21</span> files in <span style="color: #8c0000">9</span> directories to winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>iso <span style="color: #8c0000">100</span><span style="color: #806030">%</span> complete Final image file is <span style="color: #8c0000">218308608</span> bytes Done<span style="color: #806030">.</span> c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><font style="background-color: #ffff00">dir</font> Volume in drive C has no label<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Volume Serial Number is <span style="color: #8c0000">1848</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>9FE0 Directory of c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span>winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64 <span style="color: #009797">12/02/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:52 AM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #009797">12/02/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:52 AM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #009797">07/13/2009</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">04:20 PM</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1,474</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,560</span> efisys<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>bin <span style="color: #009797">07/13/2009</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">04:20 PM</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1,474</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,560</span> efisys<span style="color: #806030">_</span>noprompt<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>bin <span style="color: #009797">06/10/2009</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">02:14 PM</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">4,096</span> etfsboot<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>com <span style="color: #009797">12/02/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:23 AM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> ISO <span style="color: #009797">12/02/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:23 AM</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>DIR<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> mount <span style="color: #009797">07/13/2009</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">08:13 PM</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">135,115</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,506</span> winpe<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>wim <span style="color: #009797">12/02/2011</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:52 AM</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">218,308</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,608</span> <font style="background-color: #ffff00">winpe<span style="color: #806030">_</span>x64<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>iso</font> <span style="color: #8c0000">5</span> File<span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">356,377</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,330</span> bytes <span style="color: #8c0000">4</span> Dir<span style="color: #806030">(</span>s<span style="color: #806030">)</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">26,083</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,835</span><span style="color: #8c0000">,904</span> bytes free </pre> <li>The ISO file may burn into CD-ROM for booting.</li></ol> <h1>Reference</h1> <ol> <li><a href="http://solitudo.net/blah/posts/Create_Windows_PE_rescue_and_installation_images_using_WAIK_for_Windows_7_and_configure_Linux_boot_server_for_PXE_booting_the_images/">http://solitudo.net/blah/posts/Create_Windows_PE_rescue_and_installation_images_using_WAIK_for_Windows_7_and_configure_Linux_boot_server_for_PXE_booting_the_images/</a></li></ol> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-5880321233712328579?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-2847637808306714452011-07-20T18:01:00.001+08:002011-07-20T18:02:40.137+08:00Git: Using SmartGit in Windows<p>Windows users was addicted to GUI interface.&nbsp; Command line git may be hard for users to get started with.&nbsp; A nice Java based GIT GUI is available to fill the space.&nbsp; <a href="http://www.syntevo.com/smartgit/" target="_blank">SmartGit</a> is there to help manage your Git repository using nice GUI frontend.&nbsp; You may choose the portable SmartGit too in this case.</p> <h1>Work with SmartGit</h1> <p>SmartGit GUI frontend is easy to use.&nbsp; Most of the common Git command is available in top buttons bar:</p> <p><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-ZiO8BmgdY20/TianRPIPp5I/AAAAAAAAAvI/VzOBoAnu0co/s1600-h/a_thumb%25255B1%25255D%25255B5%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="a_thumb[1]" border="0" alt="a_thumb[1]" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-6tIIsyuVffs/TianSyJiOnI/AAAAAAAAAvM/FmClWJxcXrg/a_thumb%25255B1%25255D_thumb%25255B2%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="735" height="559"></a></p> <p>To make SmartGit works, you should tell SmartGit where your Git executable is.&nbsp; Navigate to Edit | Preferences…</p> <p><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-YNGjaFN65xg/TianUq8y98I/AAAAAAAAAuw/k5Bn1lUIo_Y/s1600-h/b_thumb%25255B1%25255D%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="b_thumb[1]" border="0" alt="b_thumb[1]" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-NyoaOMebhlQ/TianWITELRI/AAAAAAAAAu0/_hr_CKsjnrI/b_thumb%25255B1%25255D_thumb.png?imgmax=800" width="664" height="414"></a></p> <h1>Using external file comparator</h1> <p>Smart support external file comparator by navigate to Edit | Preference | Tools | File Comparators:</p> <p><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-IXIoI3fVrmw/TianXk44fYI/AAAAAAAAAu4/JqNV51yRrUM/s1600-h/i%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="i" border="0" alt="i" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-JsrSfduwDLQ/TianaQ42HvI/AAAAAAAAAu8/Fq0iMj5qJe4/i_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="394" height="455"></a></p> <h1>Git SSH client</h1> <p>SmartGit provides two SSH client access: System SSH client or Smart SSH client:</p> <p><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-GPov4AYgDy4/TiandEyEIyI/AAAAAAAAAvA/C0765VHdj1Q/s1600-h/j%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="j" border="0" alt="j" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-Cs8SHn9ts_s/TiangHhMVfI/AAAAAAAAAvE/w6i_TMXIrAM/j_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="664" height="414"></a></p> <p>SmartGit as SSH Client does not possess all SSH client option.&nbsp; Using System SSH client with ssh.exe or putty plink.exe may enjoy most from SSH.</p> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-284763780830671445?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-53480759129860105622011-07-20T17:44:00.001+08:002011-07-20T17:44:34.907+08:00Git: using msysgit in Windows<p>Git was originally develop to manage Linux kernel source.&nbsp; It is widely use in Linux community.&nbsp; It has porting to many platform too including Windows.</p> <p><a href="http://code.google.com/p/msysgit/" target="_blank">msysgit</a> is windows porting of Git.&nbsp; It is git command line utility running in command shell console.&nbsp; I personally prefer using portable msysgit and set path in my home user’s environment variable.&nbsp; By using portable, I may switch git version easily when new release is available.&nbsp; No setup and installation is needed for portable release.</p> <p>First configuration task for msysgit is set path variable in your local user account’s environment variable to include the &lt;msysgit&gt;/bin folder.&nbsp; Git will then available whenever you start cmd shell.</p> <h1>ssh.exe: Password authentication</h1> <p>The most common ssh authentication is password authentication.&nbsp; The following example shows a basic usage to access git repository via SSH:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> git clone ssh<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">alice</span>@git.example.com<span style="color: #806030">/</span>srv<span style="color: #806030">/</span>repos<span style="color: #806030">/</span>git<span style="color: #806030">/</span>project<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>git project Cloning into project<span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>user<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span>@<span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>git<span style="color: #806030">-</span>server<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span>'s password<span style="color: #806030">:</span> remote<span style="color: #806030">:</span> Counting objects<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">3</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span> done<span style="color: #806030">.</span> remote<span style="color: #806030">:</span> Compressing objects<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">100</span><span style="color: #806030">%</span> <span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #8c0000">3</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">3</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span> done<span style="color: #806030">.</span> remote<span style="color: #806030">:</span> Total <span style="color: #8c0000">3</span> <span style="color: #806030">(</span>delta <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span> reused <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span> <span style="color: #806030">(</span>delta <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span> Receiving objects<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">100</span><span style="color: #806030">%</span> <span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #8c0000">3</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #8c0000">3</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span> done<span style="color: #806030">.</span></pre> <p>You should supply a user name (e.g: alice) for ssh connection or else it may fail.</p> <h1>ssh.exe: Password authentication without user name</h1> <p>There are situation with Git that user name may not supply in git command clause.&nbsp; For example, a git repository that consist of submodule have .gitmodules as follow:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #806030">[</span>submodule <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">build</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> path <span style="color: #806030">=</span> build url <span style="color: #806030">=</span> ssh<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span>git.example.com<span style="color: #806030">/</span>srv<span style="color: #806030">/</span>repos<span style="color: #806030">/</span>git<span style="color: #806030">/</span>build<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>git <span style="color: #806030">[</span>submodule <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">core</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span> path <span style="color: #806030">=</span> core url <span style="color: #806030">=</span> ssh<span style="color: #806030">://</span>git.example.com/srv<span style="color: #806030">/</span>repos<span style="color: #806030">/</span>git<span style="color: #806030">/</span>core<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>git</pre> <p>As the repository is shared for team work, commit <font face="Courier New">.gitmodules</font> with user name is not practical.&nbsp; The git ssh clause should not contain user name in origin repository.&nbsp; Nor it should be modified to add user name in local repository.&nbsp; In this case, a default user name should supply with ssh access.</p> <p>To automatically supply user name to git-server, create a <font face="Courier New">~/.ssh/config</font> file with the following entry:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">Host git<span style="color: #8c0000">.<font color="#000000">example.com</font></span> <strong><font color="#0000ff">User alice</font></strong></pre> <h1></h1> <p>Subsequent git operation accessing ssh will use the user specify in <font face="Courier New">~/.ssh/config.</font> This is useful when the local user name is different to ssh service user name.</p> <h1>ssh.exe: public key authentication</h1> <p>To specify the private key used for public key authentication, update <font face="Courier New">~/.ssh/config</font> as follow:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">Host <font color="#806030">git.example.com</font> <strong><font color="#0000ff">IdentityFile <span style="color: #806030">~</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">/</span>id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>dsa<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>home </font></strong> User alice</pre> <h1>ssh.exe: public key authentication with key agent</h1> <p>If a private key was protected by passphrase, each git operation accessing ssh service with the private key requires user to enter passphrase.&nbsp; This is some how troublesome and will cause problem for other program like smartgit that do not prompt for passphrase.</p> <p>A direct solution is using ssh key agent: ssh-agent to supply private key to ssh.&nbsp; For more detail information, please refer to this article: <a title="http://chee-yang.blogspot.com/2011/07/ssh-public-key-authentication.html" href="http://chee-yang.blogspot.com/2011/07/ssh-public-key-authentication.html">http://chee-yang.blogspot.com/2011/07/ssh-public-key-authentication.html</a></p> <h1>msysgit: public key authentication with Putty</h1> <p>First, follow instructions in this article: <a title="http://chee-yang.blogspot.com/2011/07/ssh-public-key-authentication-with.html" href="http://chee-yang.blogspot.com/2011/07/ssh-public-key-authentication-with.html">http://chee-yang.blogspot.com/2011/07/ssh-public-key-authentication-with.html</a> to configure putty to work with ssh.</p> <p>To make msysgit work with putty as ssh client, you need a putty program: <a href="http://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/x86/plink.exe" target="_blank">plink.exe</a>.&nbsp; Download plink.exe and keep in save location as putty.exe.</p> <p>Next, create a new environment variable GIT_SSH that point to plink.exe:</p> <p><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-EoHzSVbKIdM/TiajeKnsY1I/AAAAAAAAAuY/26t92vok2lE/s1600-h/h%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="h" border="0" alt="h" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-APj4eBEtrWM/Tiaje4WyJHI/AAAAAAAAAuc/HMf_LLY8yJs/h_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="361" height="157"></a></p> <p>You may start using git that use putty as ssh client.</p> <p>There are 2 types of ssh connection with plink: using SSH server name or putty saved session.</p> <p>Plink with SSH server name is limited and does not make use of extra options available in putty.&nbsp; A saved putty session may consume options like pageant authentication and SSH user name for authentication.&nbsp; To make git work with putty saved session, just name saved session same as&nbsp; SSH server name.</p> <h1>Error – missing libconv-2.dll</h1> <p>In PortableGit-1.7.6-preview20110709.7z release, you may encounter the following errors when executing some Git commands::</p> <blockquote> <p>The program can’t start because libiconv-2.dll is missing from your computer. Try installing the program to fix this problem.</p></blockquote> <p><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-S0W8cfW73SM/TiajfguCoeI/AAAAAAAAAug/3YS42TzoxNY/s1600-h/git-error3.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: block; float: none; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin-left: auto; border-left-width: 0px; margin-right: auto; padding-top: 0px" title="git-error" border="0" alt="git-error" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-KLSpWXmx0mI/TiajgR8nT2I/AAAAAAAAAuk/sHWXH4h5QWM/git-error_thumb1.png?imgmax=800" width="477" height="173"></a></p> <p>To get rid of the error, locate &lt;msysgit&gt;\bin\libconv-2.dll and copy to &lt;msysgit&gt;\libexec\git-core.</p> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-5348075912986010562?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-78661625691582165002011-07-20T16:25:00.001+08:002011-07-20T16:25:24.534+08:00SSH: Public Key Authentication with Putty<p><a href="http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/" target="_blank">Putty</a> is a set of Windows based SSH GUI client.&nbsp; It has small footprint that may even work without installation by execute the program in standalone mode.&nbsp; These are the common Putty applications:</p> <ol> <li><a href="http://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/x86/putty.exe" target="_blank">Putty.exe</a> is SSH client program <li><a href="http://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/x86/puttygen.exe" target="_blank">PuttyGen.exe</a> is a program to generate public/private key pair <li><a href="http://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/x86/pageant.exe" target="_blank">Pageant.exe</a> is a SSH authentication agent for Putty <li><a href="http://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/x86/plink.exe" target="_blank">Plink.exe</a> is command line interface to Putty back ends.</li></ol> <h1>Generate Key Pair</h1> <p>Run PuttyGen.exe and press Generate button to start generating a key pair.&nbsp; You may need to move mouse cursor over the blank area to generate randomness for key generating:</p> <p><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-rY9k2sAJx0g/TiaQpg5L8jI/AAAAAAAAAtQ/Q94ttsFIzLg/s1600-h/1_thumb32.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="1_thumb3" border="0" alt="1_thumb3" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-f1o46gs5yv8/TiaQqVSRSpI/AAAAAAAAAtU/4IH714oAr9M/1_thumb3_thumb.png?imgmax=800" width="487" height="471"></a></p> <p>After finish generating, you should see public key shown on screen.&nbsp; Private key has generated too, but it doesn’t show on screen for safety reason:</p> <p><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-GyoK21a19z0/TiaQsFZyfOI/AAAAAAAAAtY/zM04Lv8rWTM/s1600-h/2_thumb12.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="2_thumb1" border="0" alt="2_thumb1" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-91iW1-Yoat0/TiaQvDviroI/AAAAAAAAAtc/7jwlsd2CZB8/2_thumb1_thumb.png?imgmax=800" width="487" height="471"></a></p> <p>As shown on screen, the key length is 1024 bits which is consider very secure from hacking.&nbsp;&nbsp; The public key generated is shown on top of windows.&nbsp; The “Key passphrase” and “Confirm passphrase” are there to protect the private key if save the key in file.&nbsp; Empty passphrase for private key will left the private key unencrypted.&nbsp; If the private key has compromised, others may use the private key just as the owner has.&nbsp; A passphrase provide an extra shield to protect the private key.&nbsp; User will need to enter the passphrase whenever the private key is needed.</p> <p>If you are ready for the key pair, copy the public key in clipboard for next stage.</p> <h1>Deploy Public Key to SSH service</h1> <p>Public key should keep in SSH server.&nbsp; Copy and paste the public key text in any text editor and save the file as “<font face="Courier New">authorized_key</font>”.</p> <p><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-r7742JD-rQQ/TiaQvzJtevI/AAAAAAAAAtg/o9xQQS1TwPA/s1600-h/3_thumb32.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="3_thumb3" border="0" alt="3_thumb3" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-exy3B-wd4w8/TiaQxDrq6NI/AAAAAAAAAtk/fqi8rGBrEyU/3_thumb3_thumb.png?imgmax=800" width="489" height="297"></a></p> <p>Find a way to copy the file to your home account in SSH server.&nbsp; The file should copy in in folder <font face="Courier New">~/.ssh/</font>.&nbsp; You may use SCP or home account in samba share to copy the file into <font face="Courier New">~/.ssh/</font>.&nbsp; The folder <font face="Courier New">~/.ssh/</font> might not exist, create the folder to store <font face="Courier New">authorized_keys</font>.</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ cd <span style="color: #806030">~</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>ssh<br>$ <strong><font color="#0000ff">chmod 0600 authorized_keys </font></strong>$ ls <span style="color: #806030">-</span>gG total <span style="color: #8c0000">4</span> <strong><font color="#0000ff"><span style="color: #806030">-</span>rw<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span></font></strong> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">226</span> Jul <span style="color: #8c0000">17</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">13:07</span> <strong><font color="#0000ff">authorized<span style="color: #806030">_</span>keys </font></strong><span style="color: #806030">-</span>bash<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">4.1</span>$ cat authorized<span style="color: #806030">_</span>keys ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABJQAAAIBuSYSpUY3CxoLMmxnimmuC8kXRfJ8fmqDtyi6MqHLNWMGSdP/LYfc6LPatVq2tYlfDPiFrLXiMeqYBiZHLwAGDfJdm40BpclVmbovYOL4b/kFm81gk2iENSscnV6gI07aniABOJNXsWnvUeAnHpbYLR5YSc2Ko48ubjyCzBWJM/w== rsa-key-20110718</pre> <h1>Deploy Private Key to Putty </h1> <p>Private key supply from SSH client end.&nbsp; Private key may persist with passphrase and without passphrase.&nbsp; Pass-phrased private key has extra security to protect private key.&nbsp; Pass-phrased private key without private key is plain text key that may use directly for SSH authentication.&nbsp; Both type of private key should keep safely from others to obtain it.</p> <p>Private key may keep in any media or location or even a flash drive that carry with you anytime.&nbsp; For illustration purpose of this article, the private key keep in <font face="Courier New">%userprofile%/.ssh/key.ppk.</font>&nbsp; Please note that Putty requires the private key file in Putty key format.</p> <p>There are numbers of SSH client application supports public key authentication.&nbsp; There should be a place in setting to specify the private key file.&nbsp; Just supply the private key as is to make the SSH connection works.</p> <h2>Access SSH with public key authentication</h2> <p>Try run Putty.exe and configure the SSH client for public key authentication:</p> <p><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-J-Kxep-9fD0/TiaQyS9OjpI/AAAAAAAAAto/Wy4SJgfL-VE/s1600-h/4_thumb12.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="4_thumb1" border="0" alt="4_thumb1" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-gav1zl7ndPA/TiaQzSb5n6I/AAAAAAAAAts/M1WaZUEO6mU/4_thumb1_thumb.png?imgmax=800" width="460" height="442"></a></p> <p>Click Open button to start login:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><font color="#000000">login as<span style="color: #806030">:</span> &lt;user-name&gt; </font><font color="#000000"><strong><font color="#0000ff">Authenticating with public key <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">rsa-key-20110718</span><span style="color: #800000">"</span> </font></strong>$</font></pre> <p>The above example show login using private key without passphrase.&nbsp; If SSH screen shows something like above, then the public key authentication is success.&nbsp; You may have notice that the text “<font face="Courier New">rsa-key-20110718</font>” is key comment shown PuttyGen.exe.</p> <p>For passphrase protected private key, the login screen looks like this:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><font color="#000000">login as<span style="color: #806030">:</span> &lt;user-name&gt; </font><font color="#000000"><font color="#0000ff"><font color="#000000">Authenticating with public key <span style="color: #800000">"</span><span style="color: #e60000">rsa-key-20110718</span></font><span style="color: #800000"><font color="#000000">"<br></font><strong><font color="#0000ff">Passphrase for key “<span style="color: #e60000">rsa-key-20110718”: &lt;enter passphrase here&gt;</span></font></strong></span> </font>$</font></pre> <h1>Pageant: SSH login with key agent</h1> <p>Pageant is Putty key agent that cache a list of private key.&nbsp; Private keys with or without passphrase may cached in Pageant.&nbsp; By using Pageant, you may ignore the private key setting in Putty’s session (located in Connection | SSH | Auth, “Private key file for authentication”).&nbsp; Pageant is smart enough try try try with all private keys cached for authentication.</p> <p>To use Pageant.exe, double click Pageant.exe to launch pageant program.&nbsp; The program will stay in Notification Areas at right end of Windows Task Bar:</p> <p><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-Q20zVRZExVw/TiaQz2JyJKI/AAAAAAAAAtw/jELb9LzJkJA/s1600-h/c2.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="c" border="0" alt="c" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-umf4BqQPHO0/TiaQ0_q2VtI/AAAAAAAAAt0/xDsGcpKrGpI/c_thumb.png?imgmax=800" width="236" height="66"></a></p> <p>To add a private key, right click on Pageant icon to bring out a context menu and choose “Add Key” to add a private key.&nbsp; A passphrase dialog will prompt out if the private key is protected with a passphrase.</p> <p>Please note that you should check “Attempt authentication using Pageant” for the SSH session to realize Pageant authentication:</p> <p><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-LjhrZ8mctQM/TiaQ1zIHdsI/AAAAAAAAAt4/Vweg296yS0c/s1600-h/d3.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="d" border="0" alt="d" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-hWY9p0nW0sk/TiaQ2iQkXsI/AAAAAAAAAt8/jgsfG1ji9Qo/d_thumb1.png?imgmax=800" width="460" height="442"></a></p> <h1>Putty: Auto login user name</h1> <p>Putty session configuration allow you to specify user name to for auto login:</p> <p><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-m62V2--EDJg/TiaQ3RY_x9I/AAAAAAAAAuA/CB0zIRwTHzI/s1600-h/e3.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="e" border="0" alt="e" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-n6OAJisS5LQ/TiaQ4jLWi4I/AAAAAAAAAuE/3c_gcvuJ73M/e_thumb1.png?imgmax=800" width="460" height="442"></a></p> <p>By combining Pageant and auto login user name, you may use Putty by just double click on the SSH session without supply user name and passphrase.&nbsp; The SSH session is available right after you double click.</p> <h1>Putty: Use private key generated by OpenSSH</h1> <p>Windows Putty.exe can’t use the private key generated by OpenSSH directly.&nbsp; Putty.exe require private key that store in putty format.&nbsp; Thus, the OpenSSH private key should convert to Putty format.&nbsp; Run PuttyGen.exe to perform the conversion.&nbsp; Use File | Load private key function as follow:</p> <p><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-TL2GrDm-_C0/TiaQ5SP1-yI/AAAAAAAAAuI/iOGgcwNSMPs/s1600-h/a_thumb12.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="a_thumb1" border="0" alt="a_thumb1" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-_7Vw2r3wDV8/TiaQ6cUZ81I/AAAAAAAAAuM/w1GlUAIVkc8/a_thumb1_thumb.png?imgmax=800" width="495" height="479"></a></p> <p>The PuttyGen will prompt a message to show you how to save the private key as putty format:</p> <p><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-5cptcTpfkEM/TiaQ7uvKEkI/AAAAAAAAAuQ/5-h0_9iaf0U/s1600-h/b_thumb12.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="b_thumb1" border="0" alt="b_thumb1" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-i4NnMSOcSWc/TiaQ8yrSfHI/AAAAAAAAAuU/l4c5HVU1gd8/b_thumb1_thumb.png?imgmax=800" width="487" height="471"></a></p> <p>Click “Save private key” button to save the private key in Putty format.&nbsp; The private key file may then use for SSH public key authentication using Putty.</p> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-7866162569158216500?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-14089168640034441792011-07-18T11:05:00.001+08:002011-07-20T16:23:09.657+08:00SSH: Public Key Authentication with OpenSSH<p>SSH using Unix/Linux account’s username and password for authentication by default.&nbsp; Although user name and password were encrypted during authentication session, it still suffer from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictionary_attack" target="_blank">dictionary attack</a>.&nbsp; The usage of public key authentication in SSH is to cover the loophole.</p> <p>Public key authentication uses public key cryptography scheme for encryption operation.&nbsp; It perform encryption by using a key pair of private key and public key.&nbsp; Public key cryptography possess very high level of security.&nbsp; The secure levels increase exponentially if using larger key length.&nbsp; As the name implied, public key is known to public and private key should keep by user in secure and safe place.&nbsp; Public key is generated from private key but It’s very computational costly to derive private key from public key.</p> <p>In SSH, the public key stores in SSH server and SSH client use private key to gain access to the SSH service.&nbsp; Choosing key length of 1024 bits or higher is common practice for SSH service.&nbsp; To know more about the SSH authentication protocol, read: <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4252.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4252.txt</a>.</p> <h1>OpenSSH: SSH authentication</h1> <p><a href="http://www.openssh.com/" target="_blank">OpenSSH</a> is a free version of SSH tools.&nbsp; It was designed for OpenBSD operation system.&nbsp; It has been ported to other operation system including Linux and Windows.&nbsp; It has became the most common SSH tools in the market.</p> <p>OpenSSH doesn’t come with fancy GUI front end.&nbsp; All tools are available as console program.&nbsp; The most common used tool is “ssh” in Linux or “ssh.exe” in windows.&nbsp; It act as SSH client to access shell account of hos</p> <p>To use SSH, type</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># ssh <span style="color: #806030">ssh-server.example.com</span></pre> <p>Some common parameters are “-l” and “-p” that supply login user name and port number respectively.</p> <h1>OpenSSH: Generate Key Pair</h1> <p>Use ssh-keygen to generate key:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ ssh<span style="color: #806030">-</span>keygen Generating public<span style="color: #806030">/</span>private rsa key pair<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Enter file in which to save the key <span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span>home<span style="color: #806030">/</span>user<span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">/</span>id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>rsa<span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> Enter passphrase <span style="color: #806030">(</span>empty for no passphrase<span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span> Enter same passphrase again<span style="color: #806030">:</span> Your identification has been saved in <span style="color: #806030">/</span>home<span style="color: #806030">/</span>user<span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">/</span>id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>rsa<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Your public key has been saved in <span style="color: #806030">/</span>home<span style="color: #806030">/</span>ccy<span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">/</span>id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>rsa<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>pub<span style="color: #806030">.</span> The key fingerprint is<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">30</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">33</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>d4<span style="color: #806030">:</span>9c<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">86</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>2d<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">20</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>3b<span style="color: #806030">:</span>8a<span style="color: #806030">:</span>d3<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">85</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">30</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">01</span><span style="color: #806030">:</span>d9<span style="color: #806030">:</span>d0<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #8c0000">77</span> <span style="color: #7144c4">user@example.com</span> The key<span style="color: #e60000">'</span>s randomart image is<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">+</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">[</span> RSA <span style="color: #8c0000">2048</span><span style="color: #806030">]</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">+</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span>B<span style="color: #806030">*</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>oo<span style="color: #806030">+</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>E <span style="color: #806030">*</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">+</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">=</span>o <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>o o <span style="color: #806030">=</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span><span style="color: #806030">+</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span> S <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">|</span> <span style="color: #806030">+</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">+</span> $ ls –gG .ssh total <span style="color: #8c0000">12</span> <span style="color: #806030">-</span>rw<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1671</span> Jul <span style="color: #8c0000">19</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:05</span> id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>rsa <span style="color: #806030">-</span>rw<span style="color: #806030">-</span>r<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>r<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">408</span> Jul <span style="color: #8c0000">19</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:05</span> id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>rsa<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>pub</pre> <p>Two file were generated:&nbsp; <font face="Courier New">id_rsa</font> is private key file and <font face="Courier New">id_rsa.pub</font> is public key file.&nbsp; To deploy the public key for ssh server, try this:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ cat id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>rsa<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>pub <span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> authorized<span style="color: #806030">_</span>keys $ chmod <span style="color: #8c0000">0600</span> authorized<span style="color: #806030">_</span>keys $ ls <span style="color: #806030">-</span>gG total <span style="color: #8c0000">16</span> <span style="color: #806030">-</span>rw<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">408</span> Jul <span style="color: #8c0000">19</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:15</span> authorized<span style="color: #806030">_</span>keys <span style="color: #806030">-</span>rw<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1671</span> Jul <span style="color: #8c0000">19</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:05</span> id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>rsa <span style="color: #806030">-</span>rw<span style="color: #806030">-</span>r<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>r<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">408</span> Jul <span style="color: #8c0000">19</span> <span style="color: #8745a0">09:05</span> id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>rsa<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>pub</pre> <p>Copy <font face="Courier New">id_rsa</font> to any SSH client that want to connect to this server via SSH.&nbsp; Keep in mind that id_rsa is store in OpenSSH file format.</p> <h1>OpenSSH: Deploy private key</h1> <p>The private key generated by OpenSSH may use directly in OpenSSH client both in Windows and Linux.&nbsp; No conversion is needed.&nbsp; Just copy the private key file to <font face="Courier New">~/.ssh/</font>.folder and configure <font face="Courier New">~/ssh/config</font> to make it works for public key authentication.</p> <h1>OpenSSH: Disable password authentication</h1> <p>Once the public key authentication scheme is ready to use in real practice, you may consider disable the classic password authentication by changing <font face="Courier New">/etc/sshd_config</font>:in SSH server:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># cat <span style="color: #806030">/</span>etc<span style="color: #806030">/</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">/</span>sshd<span style="color: #806030">_</span>config <strong><font color="#0000ff">PubkeyAuthentication yes PasswordAuthentication no </font></strong></pre> <p>Remember to restart or reload sshd service to enforce changes if the configuration has updated.</p> <h1>Using OpenSSH in Windows</h1> <p>There are some tricks using OpenSSH in Windows.&nbsp; OpenSSH require an environment variable “HOME” to locate the .ssh folder that keep ssh configuration file.&nbsp; A common practice is set HOME to %USERPROFILE% and create a folder .ssh in %USERPROFILE% folder.&nbsp; You may keep the private key file into %HOME%\.ssh folder:</p> <p><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-l3t_pz7inqs/TiaQWqt6EFI/AAAAAAAAAtA/r_UCXl9Yr1U/s1600-h/F%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="F" border="0" alt="F" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-wNgoFHjzPFg/TiaQXsPSNuI/AAAAAAAAAtE/nrtgOcRe708/F_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="361" height="157"></a></p> <h1>OpenSSH: Configuration file</h1> <p>The configuration for OpenSSH is usually keep in <font face="Courier New">~/ssh/config</font>.&nbsp; Here is a sample OpenSSH configuration file:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">Host &lt;server1&gt;<br> IdentityFile <span style="color: #806030">~</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">/</span>id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>dsa<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>home User alice Host <span style="color: #806030">&lt;server2&gt;</span> IdentityFile <span style="color: #806030">~</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">/</span>id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>rsa<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>work User bob<br> Port <font color="#8c0000">2200</font></pre> <p>The configuration specify the private key file to use for 2 server and the user name to login if the user name is different to the account’s user name.&nbsp;&nbsp; Server2 even specify the SSH port number to connect to server2.</p> <p>More detail information about the configuration file may found here: <a title="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd_config" href="http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd_config">http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=sshd_config</a></p> <h1>ssh-agent: SSH login with key agent</h1> <p>ssh-agent is a program cache private key for ssh session:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ <strong><font color="#0000ff">eval `ssh<span style="color: #806030">-</span>agent`</font></strong> Agent pid <span style="color: #8c0000">8896</span> $ set <span style="color: #806030">| </span>grep <span style="color: #806030">-</span>i ssh SSH<span style="color: #806030">_</span>AGENT<span style="color: #806030">_</span>PID<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8896</span> SSH<span style="color: #806030">_</span>AUTH<span style="color: #806030">_</span>SOCK<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span>tmp<span style="color: #806030">/</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">-</span>Lhbzdj8980<span style="color: #806030">/</span>agent<span style="color: #8c0000">.8980</span> $</pre> <p>The above script trying to start ssh-agent.&nbsp; To add a ssh private key to key agent:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ <strong><font color="#0000ff">ssh<span style="color: #806030">-</span>add </font></strong>Enter passphrase for <span style="color: #806030">/home</span><span style="color: #806030">/alice</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">/</span>id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>rsa<span style="color: #806030">: <strong><font color="#0000ff">&lt;enter-passphrase&gt;</font></strong></span> Identity added<span style="color: #806030">:</span> <span style="color: #806030">/</span>c<span style="color: #806030">/</span>Users<span style="color: #806030">/</span>coder<span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">/</span>id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>rsa <span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #806030">/home</span><span style="color: #806030">/alice</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">/</span>id<span style="color: #806030">_</span>rsa<span style="color: #806030">)<br>$</span></pre> <h1>ssh-agent: use in Microsoft Windows environment</h1> <p>I haven’t found a good way to use ssh-agent with Microsoft Windows.&nbsp; Using ssh-agent in windows is not a straight solution.&nbsp; Some manual steps is required to make it work.</p> <p>You may ssh-agent.exe using command shell or adding an entry in windows registry: “HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run”</p> <p>You should then identify the SSH_AUTH_SOCK file in %TEMP% folder and add an environment variable in your user account as follow:</p> <p><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-K34CmOajg8E/TiaQaA5Uz-I/AAAAAAAAAtI/WC5oz3fiCXw/s1600-h/g%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; border-top: 0px; border-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="g" border="0" alt="g" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-xk87Pznh0gE/TiaQa-O-rcI/AAAAAAAAAtM/xsFq_TPzHUg/g_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="361" height="157"></a></p> <p>continue with ssh-add to add private keys as usual.</p> <p>Without SSH_AUTH_SOCK variable, executing ssh-add may fail with:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">C<span style="color: #806030">:</span><span style="color: #806030">\</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">-</span>add Could not open a connection to your authentication agent<span style="color: #806030">.</span></pre> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-1408916864003444179?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-40252031252458715012011-07-16T12:10:00.001+08:002011-07-16T12:10:36.057+08:00SSH: Secure SHell basic usage<p>Previous days, Unix users use telnet to access server shell accounts.&nbsp; Telnet is not a secure protocol.&nbsp; All Telnet traffics are sent in plain text including login user name and password.&nbsp; Secure Shell (SSH) was designed as replacement for Telnet and other insecure remote shells.&nbsp; All traffics are encrypted.&nbsp; Nowadays, telnet is no longer used by Linux community.</p> <h1>SSH Server</h1> <p><a href="http://www.openssh.com/" target="_blank">OpenSSH</a> is a popular SSH Server in Linux community.&nbsp; This server is install and run natively in most Linux distro.&nbsp; it may use directly without much configuration once install.&nbsp; The default port number for SSH is 22.&nbsp; You may use any SSH client to access the remote shell accounts directly.</p> <p>The SSH server configuration file is located in <font face="Courier New">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</font>.&nbsp; After finish changing the configuration, run</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># service sshd reload </pre> <p>to realise the new configuration for next session.</p> <h1>SSH Client</h1> <h2>Linux SSH Client</h2> <p>OpenSSH client is default and native Linux SSH client.&nbsp; Just type:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># ssh <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>remote<span style="color: #806030">-</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">-</span>server<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> </pre> <p>to access the remote shell account.</p> <p>The SSH client use your current user name as user name to login to remote ssh server , to override user name, use “<font face="Courier New">-l</font>” parameter:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># ssh <span style="color: #806030">-</span>l <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>user<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> <span style="color: #806030">&lt;</span>remote<span style="color: #806030">-</span>ssh<span style="color: #806030">-</span>server<span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span></pre> <h2>Windows SSH Client: Putty</h2> <p><a href="http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/" target="_blank">Putty</a> support both Telnet and SSH access.&nbsp; It is a free software that run under Windows and Unix platform.</p> <h1>Other SSH Client</h1> <p>Although a common usage of SSH is accessing remote shell securely, it doesn’t limit to that.&nbsp; A single SSH service may act as a gateway to access surprisingly many types of intranet traffics.&nbsp; This ease the network administration to allow only SSH traffics traveling though intranet in encrypted and secured manner.&nbsp; Some popular usages of SSH are listed as follow:</p> <h2>SSH Tunneling</h2> <p>SSH tunneling provide a solution to transfer sensitive and unencrypted traffic over secured channel.&nbsp; It is a cheap and affordable solution than VPN.&nbsp; All traffics travel through SSH tunnel was encrypted.&nbsp; Some popular usage of SSH tunneling are VOIP and remote access to intranet services.</p> <h2>SCP</h2> <p>Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) provide an alternate file transfer service (FTP).&nbsp; <a href="http://winscp.net" target="_blank">WinSCP</a> is a nice Windows SCP software to access remote server via SSH.</p> <h2>Version Control: CVS and Git</h2> <p>Both version control software CVS and GIT allow user to synchronize local repository with remote repository via SSH.</p> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-4025203125245871501?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-32586375932552963572011-07-11T21:07:00.001+08:002011-07-11T21:07:16.041+08:00Git: Migrating from CVS<p>There is a <a href="http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-cvsimport.html" target="_blank">git-cvsimport</a> utility that may migrate CVS repository to Git Repository.&nbsp; However, this utility is buggy and doesn’t export the CVS properly especially there are branches in the repository.&nbsp; A more mature tools to use is <a href="http://cvs2svn.tigris.org/" target="_blank">cvs2svn</a>. Do not confuse with the name it implied that it is CVS to SVN tool.&nbsp; In fact, it contain a cvs2git utility to convert CVS repository to Git.</p> <h1>git-cvsimport</h1> <p>Using git-cvsimport is not recommended.&nbsp; If you insist to use, here are some simple usage.</p> <p>Install git-cvsimport utility:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># apt<span style="color: #e60000">-get install git-</span>cvs</pre>To import a&nbsp; CVS repository to Git, try this<pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># git<span style="color: #e60000">-cvsimport -</span>v –d &lt;CVSROOT&gt; –C &lt;git.repo&gt; &lt;cvs-repository&gt;<br></pre> <p>The CVSROOT may be a CVS folder that has CVSROOT folder or a CVS protocol URL.</p> <h1>cvs2svn</h1> <p>Download and install <a href="http://cvs2svn.tigris.org/" target="_blank">cvs2svn</a>.</p> <p>Use this command create a blob file and a dump file for next stage:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><span style="color: #806030"># </span>cvs2svn<span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2.3</span><span style="color: #8c0000">.0</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span>cvs2git <span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>blobfile<span style="color: #806030">=</span>git-blob<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dat <span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>dumpfile<span style="color: #806030">=</span>git-dump<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dat <span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>username<span style="color: #806030">=</span>cvs2git &lt;cvs-repository&gt;</pre> <p>The cvs-repository should be direct filesystem CVS repository.&nbsp; CVS protocol URL is not allow here.</p> <p>Create a Git repository:</p><pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># git init <span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>bared <span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>shared import<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>git # cd import<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>git</pre>Import the blob and dump files to git repository:<pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># cat <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span>git<span style="color: #806030">-</span>blob<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dat <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span>git<span style="color: #806030">-</span>dump<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>dat <span style="color: #806030">|</span> git fast<span style="color: #806030">-</span>import</pre> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-3258637593255296357?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-33460798085804307462011-07-08T14:59:00.001+08:002011-07-08T14:59:08.401+08:00CVS: Make Repository Read Only<p>There are few ways to make CVS repository read only.&#160; The most easiest so far I know of is create an empty writers file in CVSROOT folder.</p> <p>Here is the initial content of CVSROOT:</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># ls checkoutlist config<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v Emptydir modules<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v taginfo checkoutlist<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v cvswrappers history notify taginfo<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v commitinfo cvswrappers<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v loginfo notify<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v val<span style="color: #806030">-</span>tags commitinfo<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v editinfo loginfo<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v rcsinfo verifymsg config editinfo<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v modules rcsinfo<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v verifymsg<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v</pre> <p>Create an empty writers file:</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># <strong><font color="#0000ff">touch writers</font></strong></pre> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># ls checkoutlist config<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v Emptydir modules<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v taginfo <strong><font color="#0000ff">writers,v</font></strong> checkoutlist<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v cvswrappers history notify taginfo<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v commitinfo cvswrappers<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v loginfo notify<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v val<span style="color: #806030">-</span>tags commitinfo<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v editinfo loginfo<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v rcsinfo verifymsg config editinfo<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v modules rcsinfo<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v verifymsg<span style="color: #8c0000">,</span>v</pre> <p>An empty writers means nobody may write into repository, thus the repository is read only now.</p> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-3346079808580430746?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-54194717605498057552011-07-07T14:29:00.001+08:002011-07-07T19:08:31.699+08:00Using TurnKey Linux Appliances<h1>Introduction</h1> <p><a href="http://www.turnkeylinux.org/" target="_blank">TurnKey Linux</a> (TKL) appliances provides an easy turn key solution to deploy essential and common network services for your organization or team on LAN or WAN.&#160; It is deployed as an appliance.&#160; All configurations is done via web browser.&#160; It save your time to study and install related software packages by packing everything in a single 130~200MB ISO file.&#160; You may install these software appliance in bare machine, virtual machine or even <a href="http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/" target="_blank">Amazon EC2 could server</a>.</p> <p>At the time this article is written, there are 45+ ready TurnKey appliances ranging from content management, web development, issue tracking and messaging.&#160; These appliances are based on <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com/" target="_blank">Ubuntu Linux</a> – one of the most friendly and easy to use Linux distributor in the market.</p> <p>Once install, the console will show you how to access the server.&#160; The configuration may perform in <a href="http://www.webmin.com/" target="_blank">Webmin</a> GUI via HTTP web browser.&#160; This save your time and efforts compare to command line configuration practice in used by Linux community.&#160; User with little or no knowledge of Linux may perform the job well too.</p> <p>However, TurnKey Linux appliance is not perfect.&#160; This article is not about using TurnKey Linux appliance but attempt to illustrate some features that you may want in TKL appliance.&#160; Some of these features need to configure in command line console.</p> <h1>Upgrade Webmin<a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-oTT0_S0drww/ThVSOy4gGsI/AAAAAAAAArs/qyPtCsVhK68/s1600-h/1%25255B5%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; float: right; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="1" border="0" alt="1" align="right" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-RDQCK5y3thI/ThVSQ8rYvDI/AAAAAAAAArw/htYo7CgeUmk/1_thumb%25255B3%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="272" height="380" /></a></h1> <p>Webmin is widely used in TurnKey appliance as front end configuration control panel.&#160; Both Webmin and TurnKey Linux are independent to each others.&#160; You may attempt to upgrade Webmin to latest version to get more updated features.</p> <p>To upgrade Webmin, simply use “Upgrade Webmin” icon in Webmin configuration page.</p> <p>To ease the installation and save your time and bandwidth if you have many TKL appliances deployed, try download the latest Webmin .tar.gz file and use the upload option to upgrade Webmin. </p> <h1>Add or Upgrade Webmin modules</h1> <p>Use “Webmin Modules” icon in Webmin configuration page to manage Webmin modules.&#160; You may install or upgrade new Webmin module that you need but missing in TKL appliance.</p> <h1>Add or Upgrade Software Packages</h1> <p>New features or updates may available in updated software packages.&#160;&#160; Using System | Software Packages to upgrade to latest updates.</p> <h1>Webmin: Time</h1> <p>Webmin Time module is missing in TKL appliance.&#160; Install a time module and you are ready to configure time zone and date time of TKL appliance instance.</p> <h1>LDAP Authentication</h1> <p>If LDAP directory services is available to serve the account information, you may configure TKL to support account authentication via LDAP.</p> <p>First, install these packages:</p> <ol> <li>libpam-ldap </li> <li>libnss-ldap </li> <li>nss-updatedb </li> <li>libnss-db </li> </ol> <p>You may use apt-get in console:</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># apt<span style="color: #e60000">-get install libpam-</span>ldap libnss<span style="color: #e60000">-ldap nss-</span>updatedb libnss-db</pre> <p>or using the Webmin’s Software Packages to install those packages.</p> <p>Configure LDAP client via:</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># dpkg<span style="color: #e60000">-reconfigure ldap-</span>auth-config</pre> <p>Follow the screen instruction to fill in relevant LDAP parameters.<a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-tpWoDjDbRks/ThVSRorh3VI/AAAAAAAAAr0/zZc0hpzCW9s/s1600-h/2%25255B3%25255D.png"><img style="background-image: none; border-right-width: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; display: inline; float: right; border-top-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; padding-top: 0px" title="2" border="0" alt="2" align="right" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-7DCg7P_GetM/ThVSTat05SI/AAAAAAAAAr4/blt0NwfXNk4/2_thumb%25255B1%25255D.png?imgmax=800" width="325" height="296" /></a></p> <p>LDAP client configuration is available in Webmin too.&#160; Install “ldap-client” to get this feature in Webmin.</p> <p>Edit <font face="Courier New">/etc/nsswitch.conf</font> to add ldap support:</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"><font size="2"># vi /etc/nsswitch.conf passwd: compat <strong>ldap</strong> group: compat <strong>ldap</strong></font></pre> <p>This may also configured by “Services using LDAP” of Webmin LDAP client:</p> <p>To verify the LDAP configuration,&#160; run “<font face="Courier New">getent passwd</font>” to check if the LDAP accounts appears in the list.</p> <p>If LDAP accounts are alias accounts.&#160; You may add “<font face="Courier New">DEREF always</font>” in <font face="Courier New">/etc/ldap.conf</font> to make dereference works.</p> <h1>Create home directory</h1> <p>A common usage of LDAP account authentication is provide a secure shell login option for users.&#160; Home directories will not be created for LDAP accounts by default.&#160; There is a feature in pam that may automatically create home directory for user when login.</p> <p>Edit “/etc/auth-client-config//profile.d/acc-default” to add <font face="Courier New">pam_mkhomedir.so</font> as follow:</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># cat <span style="color: #806030">/</span>etc<span style="color: #806030">/</span>auth<span style="color: #806030">-</span>client<span style="color: #806030">-</span>config<span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span>profile<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>d<span style="color: #806030">/</span>acc<span style="color: #806030">-</span>default <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> # # this example is for using ldap to authenticate and authorize<span style="color: #806030">.</span> This is only # an example<span style="color: #806030">,</span> and you will most likely have to create your own profiles to # authenticate with your system<span style="color: #806030">.</span> Note that this example requires the # libpam<span style="color: #806030">-</span>cracklib package to be installed<span style="color: #806030">.</span> # <span style="color: #806030">[</span>ldap<span style="color: #806030">_</span>example<span style="color: #806030">]</span> nss<span style="color: #806030">_</span>passwd<span style="color: #806030">=</span>passwd<span style="color: #806030">:</span> files ldap nss<span style="color: #806030">_</span>group<span style="color: #806030">=</span>group<span style="color: #806030">:</span> files ldap nss<span style="color: #806030">_</span>shadow<span style="color: #806030">=</span>shadow<span style="color: #806030">:</span> files ldap nss<span style="color: #806030">_</span>netgroup<span style="color: #806030">=</span>netgroup<span style="color: #806030">:</span> nis pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>auth<span style="color: #806030">=</span>auth required pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>env<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so auth sufficient pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>unix<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so likeauth nullok auth sufficient pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>ldap<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so use<span style="color: #806030">_</span>first<span style="color: #806030">_</span>pass auth required pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>deny<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>account<span style="color: #806030">=</span>account sufficient pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>unix<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so account sufficient pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>ldap<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so account required pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>deny<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>password<span style="color: #806030">=</span>password required pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>cracklib<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so difok<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2</span> minlen<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #8c0000">8</span> dcredit<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2</span> ocredit<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #8c0000">2</span> retry<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #8c0000">3</span> password sufficient pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>unix<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so nullok md5 shadow use<span style="color: #806030">_</span>authtok password sufficient pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>ldap<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so use<span style="color: #806030">_</span>first<span style="color: #806030">_</span>pass password required pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>deny<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>session<span style="color: #806030">=</span>session required pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>limits<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so session required pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>unix<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so <strong><font color="#0000ff">session required pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>mkhomedir<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so skel<span style="color: #806030">=</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span>etc<span style="color: #806030">/</span>skel<span style="color: #806030">/</span></font></strong> session optional pam<span style="color: #806030">_</span>ldap<span style="color: #8c0000">.</span>so</pre> <p>Next execute this to update pam configuration:</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000"># auth<span style="color: #806030">-</span>client<span style="color: #806030">-</span>config <span style="color: #806030">-</span>a <span style="color: #806030">-</span>p ldap<span style="color: #806030">_</span>example</pre> <p>Now, user login to via ssh may have the home directory created automatically.</p> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-5419471760549805755?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-66307527334111922022011-07-04T16:05:00.000+08:002011-07-04T16:17:19.824+08:00Git: Submodule<h1>Introduction</h1> <p>For those who familiar with CVS ampersand modules mechanism, git submodule is some how similar to it.</p> <h1>Prepare a submodule bare repository</h1> <p>Create 3 repositories that may use as submodules: <br /></p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ mkdir ~/project <br />$ cd ~/project <br />$ mkdir sub1.git sub2.git sub3.git <br />$ git init --bare sub1.git <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /tmp/test.sub/sub1.git/ <br />$ git init --bare sub2.git <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /tmp/test.sub/sub2.git/ <br />$ git init --bare sub3.git <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /tmp/test.sub/sub3.git/</font></p> <p>Three bare repositories now exists in your home folder:</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ dir *.git <br />sub1.git: <br />HEAD&#160; branches&#160; config&#160; description&#160; hooks&#160; info&#160; objects&#160; refs</font></p> <p><font face="Courier New">sub2.git: <br />HEAD&#160; branches&#160; config&#160; description&#160; hooks&#160; info&#160; objects&#160; refs</font></p> <p><font face="Courier New">sub3.git: <br />HEAD&#160; branches&#160; config&#160; description&#160; hooks&#160; info&#160; objects&#160; refs <br /></font></p> <p><font face="Courier New"></font></p> <h1>Prepare super git repository</h1> <p>The super git repository is an example of a git repository that hold some submodules.</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ mkdir super <br />$ cd ~/super <br />$ git init <br />$ echo “This is super” &gt; readme <br />$ git add readme <br />$ git commit –m “Super commit”</font></p> <h2>Add submodules</h2> <p>Next, we add 3 sub modules into the super git repository:</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ git submodule add /tmp/test.sub/sub1.git <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /tmp/test.sub/super/sub1/.git/ <br />warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository. <br />fatal: You are on a branch yet to be born <br />Unable to checkout submodule 'sub1' <br />$ git submodule add /tmp/test.sub/sub2.git <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /tmp/test.sub/super/sub2/.git/ <br />warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository. <br />fatal: You are on a branch yet to be born <br />Unable to checkout submodule 'sub2' <br />$ git submodule add /tmp/test.sub/sub3.git <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /tmp/test.sub/super/sub3/.git/ <br />warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository. <br />fatal: You are on a branch yet to be born <br />Unable to checkout submodule 'sub3' <br />$ ls -a <br />.&#160; ..&#160; .git&#160; sub1&#160; sub2&#160; sub3</font></p> <p>You may have noticed there are warning and error messages when execute “<font face="Courier New">git submodule add</font>” command.&#160; This is due to the sub modules are empty in the example.&#160; You won’t get the messages if submodule is not empty.</p> <p>We should further re-execute “<font face="Courier New">git submodule add</font>” again to complete the task: </p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ git submodule add /tmp/test.sub/sub1.git <br />Adding existing repo at 'sub1' to the index <br />$ git submodule add /tmp/test.sub/sub2.git <br />Adding existing repo at 'sub2' to the index <br />$ git submodule add /tmp/test.sub/sub3.git <br />Adding existing repo at 'sub3' to the index <br />$ ls -a <br />.&#160; ..&#160; .git&#160; .gitmodules&#160; sub1&#160; sub2&#160; sub3</font></p> <p>A new file <font face="Courier New">.gitmodules</font> was created:</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ cat .gitmodules <br />[submodule &quot;sub1&quot;] <br />&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; path = sub1 <br />&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; url = /home/user/sub1.git <br />[submodule &quot;sub2&quot;] <br />&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; path = sub2 <br />&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; url = /home/user/sub2.git <br />[submodule &quot;sub3&quot;] <br />&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; path = sub3 <br />&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; url = /home/user/sub3.git</font></p> <p>We should now add some changes to all empty sub module directory:</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ cd sub1 <br />$ touch README <br />$ git add README <br />$ git commit -m &quot;commit #1&quot; <br />[master (root-commit) 3a8d946] commit #1 <br />0 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) <br />create mode 100644 README <br />$ git push origin master <br />Counting objects: 3, done. <br />Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 201 bytes, done. <br />Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) <br />Unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), done. <br />To /tmp/test.sub/sub1.git <br />* [new branch]&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; master -&gt; master <br />$ cd ../sub2 <br /></font><font face="Courier New">$ touch README <br />$ git add README <br />$ git commit -m &quot;commit #1&quot; <br />[master (root-commit) 63b5d68] commit #1 <br />0 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) <br />create mode 100644 README <br />$ git push origin master <br />Counting objects: 3, done. <br />Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 200 bytes, done. <br />Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) <br />Unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), done. <br />To /tmp/test.sub/sub2.git <br />* [new branch]&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; master -&gt; master <br />$ cd ../sub3 <br />$ touch README <br />$ git add README <br />$ git commit -m &quot;commit #1&quot; <br />[master (root-commit) 46b2a53] commit #1 <br />0 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) <br />create mode 100644 README <br />$ git push origin master <br />Counting objects: 3, done. <br />Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 201 bytes, done. <br />Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) <br />Unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), done. <br />To /tmp/test.sub/sub3.git <br />* [new branch]&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; master –&gt; master <br />$ cd ..</font></p> <p>The git repository status now become</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ git status <br /># On branch master <br /># <br /># Initial commit <br /># <br /># Changes to be committed: <br />#&#160;&#160; (use &quot;git rm --cached &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to unstage) <br /># <br />#&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; new file:&#160;&#160; .gitmodules <br /># <br /># Untracked files: <br />#&#160;&#160; (use &quot;git add &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to include in what will be committed) <br /># <br />#&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; sub1/ <br />#&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; sub2/ <br />#&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; sub3/</font><font face="Courier New"></font></p> <h2>Add and commit submodule folder</h2> <p><font face="Courier New">$ git add sub1 sub2 sub3 <br />$ git status <br /># On branch master <br /># <br /># Initial commit <br /># <br /># Changes to be committed: <br />#&#160;&#160; (use &quot;git rm --cached &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to unstage) <br /># <br />#&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; new file:&#160;&#160; .gitmodules <br />#&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; new file:&#160;&#160; sub1 <br />#&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; new file:&#160;&#160; sub2 <br />#&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; new file:&#160;&#160; sub3 <br /># <br /></font></p> <p>Commit changes:</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ git commit -m &quot;super commit&quot; <br />[master (root-commit) 7029640] super commit <br />4 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) <br />create mode 100644 .gitmodules <br />create mode 160000 sub1 <br />create mode 160000 sub2 <br />create mode 160000 sub3 <br />$ git status <br /># On branch master <br />nothing to commit (working directory clean) <br /></font></p> <p>To further make a super git repository as bare repository, run</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ git clone –bare ~/super ~/super.git <br />$ git remote add origin ~/super.git <br />$ git config branch.master.remote origin <br />$ git config branch.master.merge refs/heads/master</font></p> <h1>Clone a git repository with submodules</h1> <p>This example shows how to work with clone of a super git repository that contain submodules:</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ cd ~/project <br />$ git clone super.git super.clone <br />$ cd ~/super.clone <br />$ ls –a *</font> <br /><font face="Courier New">readme</font></p> <p><font face="Courier New">sub1: <br />.&#160; ..</font></p> <p><font face="Courier New">sub2: <br />.&#160; ..</font></p> <p><font face="Courier New">sub3: <br />.&#160; ..</font></p> <p>All sub module’s directory is empty at this moment.&#160; Run this to get updated commits</p> <font face="Courier New">$ git submodule init</font><font face="Courier New"> <br />$ git submodule update <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /home/user/super.clone2/sub1/.git/ <br />Submodule path 'sub1': checked out '8acdbdd86119c4a9777bbefe13bd8f80c96a8b7a' <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /home/user/super.clone2/sub2/.git/ <br />Submodule path 'sub2': checked out 'e390c3e3114fde7643a3544c0a262eff5a52e09c' <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /home/user/super.clone2/sub3/.git/ <br />Submodule path 'sub3': checked out '001355362c4ed758f17206a3fbbb2f7637983434' <br /></font><font face="Courier New">$ ls -a * <br />readme</font> <p><font face="Courier New">sub1: <br />.&#160; ..&#160; .git&#160; readme</font></p> <p><font face="Courier New">sub2: <br />.&#160; ..&#160; .git&#160; readme</font></p> <p><font face="Courier New">sub3: <br />.&#160; ..&#160; .git&#160; readme</font></p> <p>An alternate way to clone repository is run everything in a single command:</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ git clone --recursive ~/super.git ~/super.clone <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /tmp/submodules/super.clone2/.git/ <br /></font><font face="Courier New">Submodule 'sub1' (/home/user/sub1.git) registered for path 'sub1' <br />Submodule 'sub2' (/home/user/sub2.git) registered for path 'sub2' <br />Submodule 'sub3' (/home/user/sub3.git) registered for path 'sub3' <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /home/user/super.clone2/sub1/.git/ <br />Submodule path 'sub1': checked out '8acdbdd86119c4a9777bbefe13bd8f80c96a8b7a' <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /home/user/super.clone2/sub2/.git/ <br />Submodule path 'sub2': checked out 'e390c3e3114fde7643a3544c0a262eff5a52e09c' <br />Initialized empty Git repository in /home/user/super.clone2/sub3/.git/ <br />Submodule path 'sub3': checked out '001355362c4ed758f17206a3fbbb2f7637983434' <br /></font><font face="Courier New">$ ls -a * <br />sub1: <br />.&#160; ..&#160; .git&#160; README</font></p> <p><font face="Courier New">sub2: <br />.&#160; ..&#160; .git&#160; README</font></p> <p><font face="Courier New">sub3: <br />.&#160; ..&#160; .git&#160; README</font><font face="Courier New"></font></p> <h1>Add changes to submodule</h1> <p>The following example shows a submodule workflow to add, commit, push new changes:</p> <h2>Check out a branch first</h2> <p><font face="Courier New">$ cd ~/project/super/sub1 <br />super/sub1$ git branch <br />* (no branch) <br />&#160; master <br />super/sub1$ git checkout master <br />super/sub1$ git branch <br />* master</font></p> <h2>Make a changes</h2> <p><font face="Courier New">$ cat readme <br />This is submodule <br /></font><font face="Courier New">super/sub1$ echo &quot;New changes&quot; &gt;&gt; README <br />super/sub1$ git status <br /># On branch master <br /># Changed but not updated: <br />#&#160;&#160; (use &quot;git add &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to update what will be committed) <br />#&#160;&#160; (use &quot;git checkout -- &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to discard changes in working directory) <br /># <br />#&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; modified:&#160;&#160; readme <br /># <br />no changes added to commit (use &quot;git add&quot; and/or &quot;git commit -a&quot;)</font></p> <h2><font face="Courier New"></font>Commit and push changes</h2> <p><font face="Courier New">$ git commit -a -m &quot;New changes&quot; <br />[master 6a26854] New changes <br />1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) <br />$ git push <br />Counting objects: 5, done. <br />Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 246 bytes, done. <br />Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) <br />Unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), done. <br />To /tmp/test.sub/sub1.git <br />&#160;&#160; 3a8d946..6a26854&#160; master –&gt; master</font><font face="Courier New"></font></p> <h2><font face="Courier New"></font>Check status of submodule directory</h2> <p><font face="Courier New">$ cd .. <br />$ git status <br /># On branch master <br /># Changed but not updated: <br />#&#160;&#160; (use &quot;git add &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to update what will be committed) <br />#&#160;&#160; (use &quot;git checkout -- &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to discard changes in working directory) <br /># <br />#&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; modified:&#160;&#160; sub1 <br /># <br />no changes added to commit (use &quot;git add&quot; and/or &quot;git commit -a&quot;)</font></p> <p>The submodule “sub1” status is modified now.</p> <h2>Commit and push changes of submodule directory</h2> <p><font face="Courier New">$ git commit -a -m &quot;commit sub1&quot; <br />[master 6039eee] commit sub1 <br />1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-) <br />$ git status <br /># On branch master <br /># Your branch is ahead of 'origin/master' by 1 commit. <br /># <br />nothing to commit (working directory clean) <br />$ git push <br />Counting objects: 3, done. <br />Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done. <br />Writing objects: 100% (2/2), 309 bytes, done. <br />Total 2 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) <br />Unpacking objects: 100% (2/2), done. <br />To /tmp/test.sub/super.git <br />&#160;&#160; 7029640..6039eee&#160; master –&gt; master</font></p> <h1>Update a submodule</h1> <p>Try this to pull changes from origin repository to update local repository:</p> <h2>Pull changes</h2> <p><font face="Courier New">$ cd ../super.clone <br />super.clone$ git pull <br /></font><font face="Courier New">remote: Counting objects: 3, done. <br />remote: Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done. <br />remote: Total 2 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) <br />Unpacking objects: 100% (2/2), done. <br /></font><font face="Courier New">Updating 7029640..6039eee <br />Fast-forward <br />sub1 |&#160;&#160;&#160; 2 +- <br />1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)</font><font face="Courier New"> <br /></font><font face="Courier New">$ cat sub1/README <br /></font><font face="Courier New">$ git status <br /># On branch master <br /># Changed but not updated: <br />#&#160;&#160; (use &quot;git add &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to update what will be committed) <br />#&#160;&#160; (use &quot;git checkout -- &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to discard changes in working directory) <br /># <br />#&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; modified:&#160;&#160; sub1 <br /># <br />no changes added to commit (use &quot;git add&quot; and/or &quot;git commit -a&quot;)</font></p> <p>Up to this stage, the file has not updated to latest HEAD version yet.&#160; After pull from origin, the status of sub1 show modified.&#160; Continue to next topic to complete submodule update task.</p> <h1><font face="Courier New"></font></h1> <font face="Courier New"></font> <h2>Update submodule</h2> <p>To pull latest commit snapshot from origin, run “<font face="Courier New">git submodule update</font>” to checkout latest committed snapshot:</p> <font face="Courier New"></font> <p><font face="Courier New">$ git submodule update <br />Submodule path 'sub1': checked out '6a26854c7985d6ba516dcca8fc8cb42908bcb639' <br />$ git status <br /># On branch master <br />nothing to commit (working directory clean) <br /></font><font face="Courier New">$ cat sub1/README <br />New Changes <br /></font></p> <p>The repository folder is in clean state now.&#160; sub1 folder also updated to latest committed snapshot.&#160; Let’s continue to check the status of <font face="Courier New">sub1</font> by continue to next topic.</p> <h1>Detached HEAD in submodule</h1> <p>Let’s check the status of sub1 now:</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ cd sub1 <br />$ cat README <br />New Changes <br />$ git branch <br />* (no branch) <br />&#160; master</font></p> <p>The current position of sub1 point to a commit stage without any label.&#160; This is known as detached HEAD commit or headless commit.&#160; Commit detached HEAD changes is not encounrage.&#160; It may be problems for other collaborators to retrieve the changes.</p> <p>Instead, we should checkout the master branch, work, commit changes and merge commits to master branch:</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ git checkout master <br />Previous HEAD position was 6a26854... New changes <br />Switched to branch 'master' <br />Your branch is behind 'origin/master' by 1 commit, and can be fast-forwarded. <br />$ cat README <br />$</font></p> <p>The master branch’s README file is in last committed snapshot.&#160; Let’s check the status of super git repository after checkout:</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ cd .. <br />$ git status <br /></font><font face="Courier New"># On branch master <br /># Changed but not updated: <br />#&#160;&#160; (use &quot;git add &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to update what will be committed) <br />#&#160;&#160; (use &quot;git checkout -- &lt;file&gt;...&quot; to discard changes in working directory) <br /># <br />#&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; modified:&#160;&#160; sub1 <br /># <br />no changes added to commit (use &quot;git add&quot; and/or &quot;git commit -a&quot;) <br /></font></p> <p>It’s parent directory has changed to modified.&#160; That simply means sub1 doesn’t match with latest committed snapshot.</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ git merge origin <br />Updating 3a8d946..6a26854 <br />Fast-forward <br />README |&#160;&#160;&#160; 1 + <br />1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) <br /></font><font face="Courier New">$ cat README <br />New Changes</font></p> <p>You may also use “<font face="Courier New">git pull</font>” to replace the “<font face="Courier New">git merge origin</font>” .&#160; Let’s check parent status again:</p> <p><font face="Courier New">$ cd .. <br />$ git status <br /># On branch master <br />nothing to commit (working directory clean) <br /></font></p> <p>It is in clean state now.</p> <div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/38385155-6630752733411192202?l=chee-yang.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Chau Chee Yanghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11816699461509455308noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-38385155.post-66149782954817981172011-07-04T15:52:00.000+08:002011-07-27T17:13:44.727+08:00Git: Undoing<h1>Introduction</h1> <p>Git is a distributed version control system.&#160; Each git working directory has a local copy of repository.&#160; A common Git workflow includes the following:</p> <ol> <li>Make changes in working directory </li> <li>Add changes to staging area </li> <li>Commit to local repository </li> <li>Push to origin repository on remote </li> </ol> <p>In real practice, we may regret of what we have done at any stages above.&#160; We may want to revert or undo our works.</p> <h1>Revert untracked files</h1> <p>Untracked files are simply new files that have not added to staging area nor committed before.&#160; The most easiest way to remove untracked file is delete it from working directory.&#160; However, if there are bunch of untracked files exist in working directory, you may remove them using “<font face="Courier New">git clean</font>” command:</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ echo <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">This is new file</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span> <span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> newfile <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">/</span><span style="color: #806030">/</span> do some work and revert the work fianlly $ git status –s <span style="color: #806030">?</span><span style="color: #806030">?</span> newfile $ <strong><font color="#0000ff">git clean <span style="color: #806030">-</span>f</font></strong> Removing newfile $ git status # On branch master nothing to commit <span style="color: #806030">(</span>working directory clean<span style="color: #806030">)</span> $ ls <span style="color: #806030">-</span>a <span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span>git install newfile readme</pre> <h1>Revert modified tracked files</h1> <p>Assume there are 2 files in a clean git repository:</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ ls <span style="color: #806030">-</span>a <span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span>git install readme $ git status # On branch master nothing to commit <span style="color: #806030">(</span>working directory clean<span style="color: #806030">)</span></pre> <p>Make some changes to the working tree:</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ echo <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">modified</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span> <span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> install $ echo <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">modified</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span> <span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> readme</pre> <p>And the working tree is now become</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ ls <span style="color: #806030">-</span>a <span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span>git install newfile readme $ git status –s <strong><font color="#0000ff">M install M readme </font></strong></pre> <p>Both readme and install file has modified status.</p> <h2></h2> <h2>Revert a single file</h2> <p>To revert only a readme file, run</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ cat readme this is a readme modified $ <strong><font color="#0000ff">git checkout readme</font></strong> $ cat readme this is a readme $ git status –s M install <span style="color: #806030">?</span><span style="color: #806030">?</span> newfile</pre> <h2>Revert a working directory</h2> <p>To revert whole working directory, run</p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ git status –s M install M readme <span style="color: #806030">?</span><span style="color: #806030">?</span> newfile $ <strong><font color="#0000ff">git reset <span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span>hard</font></strong> HEAD is now at <span style="color: #8c0000">5543e79</span> second commit $ git status –s <span style="color: #806030">?</span><span style="color: #806030">?</span> newfile</pre> <h1>Un-staging files</h1> <p><font face="Arial">By using “<font face="Courier New">git add</font>” on new or modified files will move them into staging area for commit in later stage.&#160; To un-stage files, use “<font face="Courier New">git reset HEAD &lt;file&gt;...</font>&quot;:</font></p> <p><font face="Arial">Add 3 new files and make changes to readme file:</font></p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ ls <span style="color: #806030">-</span>a <span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span>git install readme $ touch newfile1 newfile2 newfile3 $ ls <span style="color: #806030">-</span>a <span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span>git install newfile1 newfile2 newfile3 readme $ cat readme this is a readme $ echo <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">modified</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span> <span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> readme $ git status <span style="color: #806030">-</span>s M readme <span style="color: #806030">?</span><span style="color: #806030">?</span> newfile1 <span style="color: #806030">?</span><span style="color: #806030">?</span> newfile2 <span style="color: #806030">?</span><span style="color: #806030">?</span> newfile3</pre> <p><font face="Arial">Add files to staging area:</font></p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ <strong><font color="#0000ff">git add <span style="color: #806030">*</span></font></strong> $ git status # On branch master # Changes to be committed<span style="color: #806030">:</span> # <span style="color: #806030">(</span>use <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">git reset HEAD &lt;file&gt;...</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span> to unstage<span style="color: #806030">)</span> # # new file<span style="color: #806030">:</span> newfile1 # new file<span style="color: #806030">:</span> newfile2 # new file<span style="color: #806030">:</span> newfile3 # modified<span style="color: #806030">:</span> readme #</pre> <p><font face="Arial">Un-stage files:</font></p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ <strong><font color="#0000ff">git reset HEAD</font></strong> Unstaged changes after reset<span style="color: #806030">:</span> M readme $ git status # On branch master # Changed but not updated<span style="color: #806030">:</span> # <span style="color: #806030">(</span>use <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">git add &lt;file&gt;...</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span> to update what will be committed<span style="color: #806030">)</span> # <span style="color: #806030">(</span>use <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">git checkout -- &lt;file&gt;...</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span> to discard changes in working directory<span style="color: #806030">)</span> # # modified<span style="color: #806030">:</span> readme # # Untracked files<span style="color: #806030">:</span> # <span style="color: #806030">(</span>use <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">git add &lt;file&gt;...</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span> to include in what will be committed<span style="color: #806030">)</span> # # newfile1 # newfile2 # newfile3 no changes added to commit <span style="color: #806030">(</span>use <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">git add</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span> and<span style="color: #806030">/</span>or <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">git commit -a</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span></pre> <p><font face="Arial">Run this to un-stage only a single file, <font face="Courier New">newfile3</font>:</font></p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ <strong><font color="#0000ff">git reset HEAD newfile3 </font></strong></pre> <p><strong><font color="#0000ff"></font></strong></p> <h1>Revert committed changes in working directory</h1> <p><font face="Arial">Assume 3 commits has been done on a working directory:</font></p> <pre style="background: #f1f0f0; color: #000000">$ ls <span style="color: #806030">-</span>a <span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span><span style="color: #806030">.</span> <span style="color: #806030">.</span>git install readme $ git status # On branch master nothing to commit <span style="color: #806030">(</span>working directory clean<span style="color: #806030">)</span> $ echo <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">commit 1</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span> <span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> readme $ <strong><font color="#0000ff">git commit <span style="color: #806030">-</span>a <span style="color: #806030">-</span>m <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">commit 1</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span></font></strong> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>master fdaa7d3<span style="color: #806030">]</span> commit <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> files changed<span style="color: #806030">,</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> insertions<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #806030">+</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span> deletions<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span> $ echo <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">commit 2</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span> <span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> readme $ <strong><font color="#0000ff">git commit <span style="color: #806030">-</span>a <span style="color: #806030">-</span>m <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">commit 2</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span></font></strong> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>master 7ad2d0a<span style="color: #806030">]</span> commit <span style="color: #8c0000">2</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> files changed<span style="color: #806030">,</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> insertions<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #806030">+</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030">,</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">0</span> deletions<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #806030">-</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span> $ echo <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">commit 3</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span> <span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span><span style="color: #806030">&gt;</span> readme $ <strong><font color="#0000ff">git commit <span style="color: #806030">-</span>a <span style="color: #806030">-</span>m <span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span><span style="color: #e60000">commit 3</span><span style="color: #800000">&quot;</span></font></strong> <span style="color: #806030">[</span>master 8a56cd9<span style="color: #806030">]</span> commit <span style="color: #8c0000">3</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> files changed<span style="color: #806030">,</span> <span style="color: #8c0000">1</span> insertions<span style="color: #806030">(</span><span style="color: #806030">+</span><span style="color: #806030">)</span><span style="color: #806030